Stratification and Enlightenment: An Ontological and Epistemological Analysis of the Caste System in 'The God of Small Things' by Arundhati Roy
Abstract
This article delves into the stratification and enlightenment within the caste system as depicted in Arundhati Roy's novel, "The God of Small Things." Through an ontological and epistemological lens, the research focuses on dissecting the intricate layers of caste and its implications on the individual's identity and societal roles. Employing a qualitative textual analysis, the study examines the interactions and social dynamics among characters, highlighting the pervasive influence of caste on their lives and relationships. Theoretical frameworks related to postcolonialism and social stratification guide the analysis, providing insights into how historical injustices are perpetuated through cultural and social norms. The research problem centers on understanding the role of caste as both a barrier to and a conduit for enlightenment, exploring how characters either transcend or are trapped by social hierarchies. Methodologically, the article uses close reading techniques to interpret the symbolic and narrative elements of the text, illustrating how Roy exposes and critiques the caste system. Results indicate that while caste creates profound existential and social conflicts, moments of resistance and personal revelation are also evident, offering pathways to individual and collective enlightenment. This study contributes to literary and social discourse by elucidating the dual aspects of oppression and emancipation within the context of caste, emphasizing its deep-rooted impact on personal and societal transformation in contemporary India.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v12i11.7140
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