International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding
type: channel
description: International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding (IJMMU) ISSN 2364-5369 is an international, double-blind peer-reviewed, open-access journal covering the study of topics in the social & Humanities aims to provide a forum for high quality research related to social sciences and humanities research. The main Areas relevant to the scope of the journal is social science studies and also the journal focuses on the following topics: Anthropology Sociology Psychology Politics Management Economics Law History Culture Business Studies Linguistics Ethnic Relations Immigration and Migrant Workers Studies Multicultural studies Sports science Public relations Educational Research Communication Peace Studies Religious Studies It provides an academic platform for professionals and researchers to contribute innovative work in the field. The journal carries original and full-length articles that reflect the latest research and developments in both theoretical and practical aspects of society and human behavior. The journal is published in both print and online versions. The online version is free access and download. IJMMU accepts submission of mainly four types: Original Articles, Short Communications, Reviews, and Proposals for special issues.
publisher: International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding (IJMMU)
language: en-US
publication name: International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding
issn: 2364-5369
copyright: Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms: Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
items: The Effectiveness of the Problem-Based Learning Model with Metacognition Strategies in Terms of Junior High School Student’s Problem Solving Ability and Self-Efficacy
items: The Influence of the Realistic Mathematics Education Approach with Metacognitive Strategy Towards Mathematics Literacy Ability and Adversity Quotient Students
items: Integrating Character Education in English Language Learning: A Case Study
items: The Effect of the PBL Model with the TTW Strategy in Terms of Problem-Solving Skills and Learning Motivation of Junior High School Students
items: Stratification and Enlightenment: An Ontological and Epistemological Analysis of the Caste System in 'The God of Small Things' by Arundhati Roy
items: Coaching Based Supervision with the TIRTA Flow Model to Enhance Teacher Performance and Professionalism at SMAN 1 Gunungsari, West Lombok
items: The Development of Augmented Reality-Based E-Modules on Basic Thermochemistry Material to Increase Student Interest in Learning Chemistry
items: The Effect of Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) on Junior High School Students’ Mathematical Communication Skills and Creativity in Algebra
items: Management of At-Tartil Training of Trainers for Qur’an Tutors: A Case Study at BMQ At-Tartil, Sidoarjo
items: Theoretical Foundations of the Charter of Human Rights
items: The Role of the Office of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court in Advancing International Criminal Justice
items: Characteristics of the Ideal Human in the Islamic Educational System
items: Gendered Impact of Labor Migration: A Study on the Left-Behind Wives’ Decision-Making Abilities in Bangladesh
items: Education for Christian Family in the New Normalisation Era
items: Optimizing the Granting of Conditional Rights to Prisoners to Overcome Overcapacity in Correctional Institutions
items: The Effect of Passing Movement and Pair Passing Training on Shortpass Skills and Agility in 9-12 Years Old Students at the 89 Selindung Football School in Pangkalpinang City
items: Enhancing Pre-Service Mathematics Teachers’ Conceptual Understanding Through Technology Integration: A Systematic Literature Review
items: A Comparative Study on Foreign Language Speaking Anxiety Level of Female Students in Only-Girl School and Mixed-Sex School in EFL Classroom.
items: Marriage Permit Application for Civil Servants to the State Police of the Republic of Indonesia, Lampung Region
items: Identity Representation in the Political Battle of Tasikmalaya’s 2024 Mayoral Candidates
items: Digital Literacy and Cultural Expression: How TikTok Reimagines Traditional Dance
items: The Role of Motivation and Reading Habits on High School Students’ Reading Comprehension
items: The Influence of Augmented Reality on the Ability of Analytical Students in Science Learning
items: Strengthening Character with Servant Leadership: Implementation in the NTB Regional Water and Air Police Directorate
items: Development of Geogebra-Assisted Learning Tools to Improve Students' Mathematical Communication Skills and Learning Motivation
items: Visual Perception and Artistic Stage Design: A Cognitive Perspective on Contemporary Indonesian Performing Arts
items: Revisiting the Stages of the Evolution of Human Eschatology in Transcendent Philosophy
items: The Place of Security in the Islamic Utopia from the Perspective of the Holy Quran
items: The Influence of Smart Wheel Learning Media on Beginning Reading Skills in Indonesian Language Subjects in Grade I of Elementary School
items: Igniting Motivation: Enhancing Writing through Strategy Training among Grade 11 Students
items: Cultural Transformation of Gordang Sambilan: Shifts in Function and Aesthetic Values
items: Analysis of the Needs for Culture and Literature-Based Teaching Materials for Middle-Level BIPA Students at Yogyakarta State University
items: Floral Lexicon in the Field of Rice Agriculture in Indramayu

The Effectiveness of the Problem-Based Learning Model with Metacognition Strategies in Terms of Junior High School Student’s Problem Solving Ability and Self-Efficacy
type: item
description: This study aims to describe the effectiveness of the Problem-Based Learning model with metacognition strategies on junior high school students' problem-solving abilities and self-efficacy in statistics. This study is a quasi-experimental study with a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design, so there are experimental and control classes. The experimental class uses the Problem-Based Learning model with metacognition strategies, while the control class uses the Problem-Based Learning model. The research population is eighth-grade students at SMPN 2 Mlati with purposive sampling. The research instruments were observation sheets, pretest-posttest problem-solving skills, and self-efficacy questionnaires, which had been validated. The data analysis used was Hotteling's T2 multivariate difference test, one sample t-test, and independent sample t-test. The results of the study with α=0.05 showed that: (1) the PBL model with metacognition strategies applied at SMPN 2 Mlati in statistics material was effective in terms of problem-solving skills and self-efficacy; (2) the PBL model applied at SMPN 2 Mlati in statistics material was effective in terms of problem-solving skills and self-efficacy; (3) the PBL model with metacognition strategies applied at SMPN 2 Mlati in statistics material is more effective than the PBL model in terms of problem-solving skills and self-efficacy.
creator: Nuzula Mukti
creator: Kana Hidayati
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-28
publication date: 2025-10-28
volume: 12
number: 11
starting page: 1
ending page: 15
doi: 10.18415/ijmmu.v12i11.7168

The Influence of the Realistic Mathematics Education Approach with Metacognitive Strategy Towards Mathematics Literacy Ability and Adversity Quotient Students
type: item
description: This research aims to describe the influence of the Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) approach combined with Metacognitive Strategies in mathematics learning on students' mathematical literacy and adversity quotient in class VII at a private junior high school in Yogyakarta City. This type of research is a quasi-experiment with population design of all clas VII students. Data collection for this research used test and non-test (questionnaires) The test was used to measure students' mathematical literacy skills, and the questionnaire was used to measure students' adversity quotient, with reliability coefficients of 0.67 and 0.77, respectively, falling within the high reliability qualification. The data analysis technique used are descriptive and inferential. Test Hotteling’s used to determine the effect of realistic mathematics education approach and metacognitive strategy on the dependent variable, and test two independent sample t-test used to find out what the realistic mathematics education approach and metacognitive strategy influence one each dependent variable. Based on hypothesis testing at significant level of 5%, it is found that realistic mathematics education approach influence the ability to mathematics literacy and adversity quotient students together. This research result also show that realistic mathematics education approach influence on each dependent variable in terms of the average score of mathematics literacy and adversity quotient students. In addition, the inference of 95% confidence interval for the mean difference show that the RME approach with metacognitive strategy is better than the saintific approach.
creator: Zahra Zakiyatussoliha
creator: Kismiantini Kismiantini
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-28
publication date: 2025-10-28
volume: 12
number: 11
starting page: 16
ending page: 29
doi: 10.18415/ijmmu.v12i11.7166

Integrating Character Education in English Language Learning: A Case Study
type: item
description: Current developments in education require language learning to focus not only on linguistic skills, but also on character building. In the context of English language learning at SMPN 2 Tellu Siattinge, the integration of character values is an important effort to instill moral attitudes and social awareness. This study examines how character education is integrated into English classes through a descriptive qualitative case study involving three seventh-grade classes, one eighth-grade class, and two teachers. The results show that teachers integrate character education through positive habits, role modeling, local culture-based learning, and reflection. Character values appear in all stages of learning opening, core, and closing with 14 values identified in the moral knowing aspect and 11 values in the moral feeling and moral action aspects. This integration proves that English language learning can be an effective means of shaping students' personalities. However, challenges remain, particularly in terms of consistency in implementation and limited variety of strategies. This study recommends the need for teacher training, the development of innovative methods, and further research on the impact of character integration on student learning outcomes. Thus, English language learning not only improves communication skills but also shapes a generation with strong character.
creator: Wulan Wulan
creator: Margana Margana
creator: Matahari Matahari
creator: Asni Suryaningsih
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-28
publication date: 2025-10-28
volume: 12
number: 11
starting page: 30
ending page: 37
doi: 10.18415/ijmmu.v12i11.7156

The Effect of the PBL Model with the TTW Strategy in Terms of Problem-Solving Skills and Learning Motivation of Junior High School Students
type: item
description: This research aimed to: (1) Describe the effectiveness of the PBL learning model with the TTW strategy in mathematics learning for eighth-grade junior high school students on statistics material, viewed from students' problem-solving abilities and learning motivation; (2) describe the effectiveness of the PBL learning model in mathematics learning for eighth-grade junior high school students on statistics material, viewed from students' problem-solving abilities and learning motivation; (3) if both are effective, describe which learning model is more effective between the PBL with TTW strategy model and the PBL model, viewed from students' problem-solving abilities and learning motivation on statistics material. This research is a quasi-experimental study using a pretest-posttest nonequivalent control group design. The population of this study was all students of class VIII of SMPN 2 Mlati, consisting of four classes. The sample of this study was selected by purposive sampling and class VIIIA was selected as the control class using the PBL model and class VIIIB as the experimental class using the PBL model with the TTW strategy. Data collection in this study used questionnaires and tests. The questionnaire was used to measure students' learning motivation and the test was used to measure students' problem-solving abilities. The criteria for the effectiveness of this study were based on: the average posttest problem-solving ability score is at least 75, the average posttest learning motivation score is at least 72, and the average posttest ability is greater than the pretest. The results of the study at the significance level showed that: (1) the PBL model with the TTW strategy was effective in terms of students' problem-solving abilities and learning motivation; (2) the PBL model was effective in terms of students' problem-solving abilities and learning motivation; (3) the PBL model with the TTW strategy was more effective compared to the PBL model in terms of stude…
creator: Amanda Vikarunnisa
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-29
publication date: 2025-10-29
volume: 12
number: 11
starting page: 38
ending page: 45
doi: 10.18415/ijmmu.v12i11.7134

Stratification and Enlightenment: An Ontological and Epistemological Analysis of the Caste System in 'The God of Small Things' by Arundhati Roy
type: item
description: This article delves into the stratification and enlightenment within the caste system as depicted in Arundhati Roy's novel, "The God of Small Things." Through an ontological and epistemological lens, the research focuses on dissecting the intricate layers of caste and its implications on the individual's identity and societal roles. Employing a qualitative textual analysis, the study examines the interactions and social dynamics among characters, highlighting the pervasive influence of caste on their lives and relationships. Theoretical frameworks related to postcolonialism and social stratification guide the analysis, providing insights into how historical injustices are perpetuated through cultural and social norms. The research problem centers on understanding the role of caste as both a barrier to and a conduit for enlightenment, exploring how characters either transcend or are trapped by social hierarchies. Methodologically, the article uses close reading techniques to interpret the symbolic and narrative elements of the text, illustrating how Roy exposes and critiques the caste system. Results indicate that while caste creates profound existential and social conflicts, moments of resistance and personal revelation are also evident, offering pathways to individual and collective enlightenment. This study contributes to literary and social discourse by elucidating the dual aspects of oppression and emancipation within the context of caste, emphasizing its deep-rooted impact on personal and societal transformation in contemporary India.
creator: Mohammad Farhan Zeb Khan
creator: Suroso Suroso
creator: St. Nurbaya St. Nurbaya
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-29
publication date: 2025-10-29
volume: 12
number: 11
starting page: 46
ending page: 61
doi: 10.18415/ijmmu.v12i11.7140

Coaching Based Supervision with the TIRTA Flow Model to Enhance Teacher Performance and Professionalism at SMAN 1 Gunungsari, West Lombok
type: item
description: This study aims to gain a deep understanding of the implementation of data-based supervision coaching TIRTA (Objective, Identification, Action Plan, Responsibility) flow in improving teacher performance and professionalism at SMA Negeri 1 Gunungsari, West Lombok Regency. This study uses a qualitative approach. The data sources are divided into two, namely primary data and secondary data. The data analysis used is data collection (data collection), data condensation (data condensation), data display (data presentation), and data drawing and verification of conclusions (drawing and verifying conclusions). Meanwhile, checking the validity of the data includes testing credibility, testing transferability, testing dependability, and testing consistency. The research findings show that: a) The implementation of supervision through the TIRTA flow coaching approach (Objective, Identification, Action Plan, and Responsibility) has proven effective in improving teacher performance and professionalism, b) Factors that support the implementation of TIRTA Flow Coaching-Based Supervision (Objective, Identification, Action Plan, and Responsibility) at SMA Negeri 1 Gunungsari include transformational leadership of the principal, involvement of driving teachers as role models, a strong collaborative culture and support for educational reports. Meanwhile, inhibiting factors in the implementation of TIRTA Flow Coaching-Based Supervision (Objective, Identification, Action Plan, and Responsibility) include doubts among some teachers about change, limited initial understanding, lack of self-confidence, c) Solutions or efforts made by the TIRTA Flow Coaching-Based Supervision team (Objective, Identification, Action Plan, and Responsibility) at SMA Negeri 1 Gunungsari West Lombok include: conducting ongoing socialization, empowering exemplary groups, and strengthening an appreciative culture. This strategy is able to create a more humanistic, participatory, and oriented supervision atmosphe…
creator: Wiwin Indriani
creator: Lalu Sumardi
creator: Mohamad Mustari
creator: Fahruddin Fahruddin
creator: Muhammad Makki
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-30
publication date: 2025-10-30
volume: 12
number: 11
starting page: 62
ending page: 70
doi: 10.18415/ijmmu.v12i11.7142

The Development of Augmented Reality-Based E-Modules on Basic Thermochemistry Material to Increase Student Interest in Learning Chemistry
type: item
description: This study aims to develop an augmented reality-based e-module on basic thermochemistry material to increase students' interest in learning chemistry. The research method used is Research and Development (R&D) using the Four-D Model (4D Model). The subjects in this study were 11th-grade students at a high school in East Lombok. These research and development results are e-modules developed based on Augmented Reality, which have characteristics in the form of e-modules in APK files that provide 3D representations using markerless technology and activity content presented in the e-modules related to everyday life. The developed e-module was also deemed feasible by experts, teachers, and students regarding readability. The trial results showed that the e-module increased learning interest by 0.3, which is moderate. These results indicate that the developed e-module is effective in increasing students' interest in learning.
creator: Siti Nurul Yaqutu Burhani
creator: Jaslin Ikhsan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-30
publication date: 2025-10-30
volume: 12
number: 11
starting page: 71
ending page: 80
doi: 10.18415/ijmmu.v12i11.7133

The Effect of Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) on Junior High School Students’ Mathematical Communication Skills and Creativity in Algebra
type: item
description: This research aims to describe; the effect of the Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) model on students' mathematical communication skills and creativity; the instructional model that has a greater effect between the Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) model and the Direct Instruction model on students' mathematical communication skills; the instructional model that has a greater effect between the Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) model and the Direct Instruction model on students' creativity. The population in this study consisted of all seventh-grade students at SMPN 1 Sampung. This research is a quasi-experimental study. The samples were class VII A and VII B students. Class VII A was the experimental class using the Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) model, and class VII B was the control class using the Direct Instruction model. The data collection methods used were a mathematical communication skill test and a creativity questionnaire. The reliability of the instruments was confirmed using Cronbach's Alpha. To determine the influence of the applied instructional models, Hotelling’s T² test was used. To compare which instructional model had a greater effect, an independent samples t-test was employed. The results of the study show that: the Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) model had an effect on students’ mathematical communication skills and creativity; the Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) model had a greater effect than the Direct Instruction model on students' mathematical communication skills; the Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) model had a greater effect than the Direct Instruction model on students' creativity.
creator: Karima Candra Sari
creator: Syukrul Hamdi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-30
publication date: 2025-10-30
volume: 12
number: 11
starting page: 81
ending page: 92
doi: 10.18415/ijmmu.v12i11.7130

Management of At-Tartil Training of Trainers for Qur’an Tutors: A Case Study at BMQ At-Tartil, Sidoarjo
type: item
description: This article examines the management of the At-Tartil Training of Trainers (ToT) program at the Qur’an Literacy Foundation (BMQ At-Tartil) in Sidoarjo, Indonesia, with particular attention to its contribution in enhancing the professional competence of Qur’an tutors. Qur’an education plays a pivotal role in preserving the intellectual and spiritual foundations of Islamic civilization; however, the quality and distribution of Qur’an tutors remain uneven. The At-Tartil method, rooted in the Qur’anic injunction of tartīl (Qur’an, Surah al-Muzzammil: 4), emphasizes accurate recitation, pedagogical discipline, and spiritual engagement, making it a corrective alternative to contemporary pragmatic teaching models. This study employs a qualitative case study approach, drawing on interviews, observations, and institutional documents. Findings reveal that the management of ToT at BMQ At-Tartil comprises systematic stages of planning, implementation, evaluation, and follow-up, with sustainability ensured through mentoring and supervision. The research highlights the novelty of the 9T framework—Tartīl, Tafaqquh, Tafkīr, Tadallul, Tadalluj, Tadbīr, Tashjīr, Tawarruq, and Tanẓīm—which integrates technical, managerial, and spiritual dimensions of tutor professionalism. The study contributes a holistic model for Qur’an tutor development, offering both theoretical insights and practical implications for Islamic education institutions seeking to strengthen Qur’an pedagogy and professional standards.
creator: Eni Rahmawati
creator: Ahmad Tanzeh
creator: Imam Fuadi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-30
publication date: 2025-10-30
volume: 12
number: 11
starting page: 93
ending page: 108
doi: 10.18415/ijmmu.v12i11.7132

Theoretical Foundations of the Charter of Human Rights
type: item
description: This research is an attempt to understand the intellectual and philosophical roots of the charter of human rights. In this pursuit, it addresses schools of thought and philosophies such as humanism and the principle of human agency, rationalism and reasoning, individualism and the role of individual will, natural law as inherent and inalienable rights, and also contractarianism as the basis of social order. Each of these currents in the history of thought has played a significant role in shaping the modern concept of human rights and has provided the groundwork for the drafting of documents such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) and international covenants. The present examination shows that these foundations, despite their differences, emphasize common principles such as liberty, equality, human dignity, and the right to choose; principles that today form the basis of human rights thought. Consequently, understanding these theoretical underpinnings helps us to comprehend human rights not merely as a set of legal regulations, but as the embodiment of a humanistic and universal idea; an idea that constantly seeks to safeguard the status and dignity of all individuals, irrespective of their race, gender or beliefs.
creator: Nezakat Ahmedi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-31
publication date: 2025-10-31
volume: 12
number: 11
starting page: 109
ending page: 126
doi: 10.18415/ijmmu.v12i11.7215

The Role of the Office of the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court in Advancing International Criminal Justice
type: item
description: The Office of the Prosecutor constitutes one of the principal organs of the International Criminal Court (ICC). As a vital pillar of the Court, it plays a significant role in advancing the provisions of the Rome Statute. Unlike crimes addressed within the framework of domestic legal systems—which undoubtedly carry a lower degree of gravity—international crimes are characterized by their exceptional seriousness. Accordingly, the ICC exercises complementary jurisdiction over the four core international crimes. The commission of such crimes is of such magnitude that it threatens global peace and security and profoundly shakes the conscience of humanity. In this context, the Office of the Prosecutor of the ICC is mandated to safeguard international peace and security alongside the United Nations and to ensure the enforcement of international criminal justice. Given its independent nature, the Office neither receives instructions from external bodies nor acts upon them. It is obliged to respond to communications and to investigate crimes falling within the jurisdiction of the Court. This function underscores its crucial role in the administration of justice to such an extent that, even where the gravity of crimes and the protection of victims’ interests warrant prosecution, the Prosecutor may decline to proceed with an investigation if doing so would jeopardize the proper administration of international criminal justice. In view of the Office’s significance, the Prosecutor and his or her deputies must embody high moral standards and possess considerable scholarly expertise regarding both substantive and procedural aspects of international crimes. Only then can they secure global peace and security, enforce international criminal justice, and, where possible, contribute to the prevention of future crimes. Nonetheless, the Office faces various challenges in advancing international criminal justice. These include the discretion of States Parties to surrender suspects either…
creator: Hussaindad Kamran
creator: Hussain Sharifi Sharifi Ziraksar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-31
publication date: 2025-10-31
volume: 12
number: 11
starting page: 127
ending page: 139
doi: 10.18415/ijmmu.v12i11.7216

Characteristics of the Ideal Human in the Islamic Educational System
type: item
description: The purpose of this study is to examine the characteristics of the ideal human in the Islamic educational system. The concept of the ideal human is significant in terms of understanding human nature, designing educational programs, and implementing psychotherapeutic interventions. This research was conducted using a grounded theory approach. The documentary population included all verses of the Holy Quran, authentic narrations of the Infallibles (peace be upon them), and relevant studies on the subject. Keywords or sentences related to the characteristics of the ideal human were purposively selected as the documentary sample. The data were analyzed through three types of coding: open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. The findings indicate that the Islamic educational system identifies 349 characteristics for the ideal human. Through the second stage of analysis, 65 axial categories were derived, and in the third stage, selective coding resulted in a total of 12 components. These components were labeled as devotional, ethical, doctrinal, political, social, familial, economic, rational, emotional, sexual, physical, and occupational. These components, along with their sub-components and detailed characteristics, provide a comprehensive picture of the ideal human in the Islamic educational system, distinguished by its comprehensiveness, coherence, appropriateness, and multidimensionality compared to other studies.
creator: Rahmatullah Hassani
creator: Majid Turuqi
creator: Mohammad Sharifinia
creator: Najibullah Noori
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-31
publication date: 2025-10-31
volume: 12
number: 11
starting page: 140
ending page: 155
doi: 10.18415/ijmmu.v12i11.7218

Gendered Impact of Labor Migration: A Study on the Left-Behind Wives’ Decision-Making Abilities in Bangladesh
type: item
description: This study examines the complex relationship between male labor migration and women's empowerment in Bangladesh, with a focus on the decision-making abilities and autonomy of left-behind wives. In patriarchal societies, men typically dominate household decisions, but their migration offers women opportunities for increased independence and responsibility. However, this shift is complex, as women often remain dependent on their husbands for emotional and economic support, and men continue to influence decisions remotely. Being done from a qualitative methodology and using the ‘empowerment theory’ of Naila Kabeer, this study reveals that multiple intersecting factors beyond access to remittances and education influence women’s empowerment. Geographic origin, family structure, and persistent patriarchal norms significantly impact wives' ability to make autonomous decisions. While some women, particularly in nuclear families, gain increased control over resources and decision-making, others face restricted mobility and limited control over remittances, especially in extended families. The research also reveals emerging opportunities for economic independence through home-based businesses, which are often constrained by gender-based wage discrimination and social restrictions. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of how transnational migration intersects with existing social structures to shape women's empowerment in patriarchal societies.
creator: Abdul Halim
creator: Subata Zannat Riya
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-31
publication date: 2025-10-31
volume: 12
number: 11
starting page: 156
ending page: 167
doi: 10.18415/ijmmu.v12i11.7157

Education for Christian Family in the New Normalisation Era
type: item
description: This study aims to identify forms of change in values and behaviour within Christian families, particularly in the roles of fathers, mothers, and children, which have shifted from the pre-pandemic period to the modern era and the postmodern era. The research method used is a qualitative approach with literature analysis, namely examining various theological, sociological, and educational literature to find patterns of change and their implications for Christian education. The results of the study show that many practices that were once considered deviant from traditional norms, such as the dominance of gadgets in family relationships, the obligation of a head of household to provide for his wife and children, or the decline in the desire to have children, are now accepted as normal.
creator: Danik Astuti Lumintang
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-31
publication date: 2025-10-31
volume: 12
number: 11
starting page: 168
ending page: 179
doi: 10.18415/ijmmu.v12i11.7141

Optimizing the Granting of Conditional Rights to Prisoners to Overcome Overcapacity in Correctional Institutions
type: item
description: Overcapacity in correctional institutions is a serious problem in the criminal justice system in Indonesia, including in Class IIB Gunung Sugih Correctional Facility. This condition has an impact on the fulfillment of prisoners' rights and the effectiveness of the coaching program. This research aims to analyze the optimization of conditional rights as a solution to overcoming overcapacity in Class IIB Gunung Sugih Correctional Facility. The research method used is empirical research with a qualitative approach through observation and interviews. The results showed that the policy of granting conditional rights such as remission assimilation, conditional leave, and parole is an effective strategy for reducing prison overcapacity. However, the implementation of this policy still face obstacles such as the lack of understanding of prisoners about the procedures for applying for conditional procedures for applying for conditional rights and limited resources in prisons. Therefore, optimization efforts are needed through increased socialization of transparency in granting conditional rights and strengthening the rehabilitation-based correctional system.
creator: Diah Gustiniati Maulani
creator: Dhea Rizqie Aulia
creator: Maya Shafira
creator: Muhammad Farid
creator: Refi Meidiantama
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-31
publication date: 2025-10-31
volume: 12
number: 11
starting page: 180
ending page: 188
doi: 10.18415/ijmmu.v12i11.7128

The Effect of Passing Movement and Pair Passing Training on Shortpass Skills and Agility in 9-12 Years Old Students at the 89 Selindung Football School in Pangkalpinang City
type: item
description: This research aims to axamine (1) the effect of passing movement training on short pass skills and agility of 9-12 year old athletes of Sekolah Sepakbola 89 Selindung (89 Selindung Football School), Pangkalpinang City, (2) the effect of passing in pairs training on short pass skills and agility of 9-12 year old athletes of 89 Selindung Football School, Pangkalpinang City, (3) the difference in the effect of passing movement training towards short pass skills and agility and passing in pairs training towards short pass skills and agility of 9-12 year old athletes of 89 Selindung Football School, Pangkalpinang City. This research method used a quantitative approach with a research design known as Quasi Experimental Design. There were two types of quasi-experimental designs: Time-series Design and nonequivalent Control Group Design. The research subjects were conducted at Selindung football field located in Selindung Baru, Gabek District, Pangkalpinang City, Bangka Belitung Islands Province. The research sample consisted of 40 students divided into two groups: experimental group given the passing movement training and control group given passing in pairs training. The data collection was carried out through shortpass and agility tests before and after treatment (pretest and posttest), with a total of 16 meeting sessions, consisted of 14 training sessions, 1 pretest, and 1 posttest. The results of data analysis show that both passing movement and passing in pairs training have a significant effect on improving students' shortpass and agility skills. Hypothesis testing proves that there is a significant increase from the pretest to the posttest results in each group, both in shortpass skills (t count = 6.185 for passing movement and 6.658 for passing in pairs) and agility (t count = 9.797 for passing movement and 8.469 for passing in pairs), with a ttable value = 2.024. And the results of the difference test between groups show that there is no significant difference bet…
creator: Candra Gunawan
creator: Suharjana Suharjana
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-31
publication date: 2025-10-31
volume: 12
number: 11
starting page: 189
ending page: 201
doi: 10.18415/ijmmu.v12i11.7126

Enhancing Pre-Service Mathematics Teachers’ Conceptual Understanding Through Technology Integration: A Systematic Literature Review
type: item
description: This systematic review analyzes the role of technology integration in improving the conceptual understanding of pre-service mathematics teachers based on the latest literature (2016–2025). Current research remains limited in addressing how technology is integrated into pre-service teacher training, with the majority of previous studies focusing instead on technology use among students. This study aims to explore the types of technology utilized in pre-service teacher education and to analyze their influence on the development of pre-service teachers’ conceptual understanding. The implementation method followed the PRISMA guidelines with a systematic search in six databases (Scopus, ERIC, ProQuest, Emerald, Taylor & Francis, Springer), resulting in 17 articles that met the inclusion criteria after going through a rigorous selection. The results of the study reveal two key mechanisms: (1) Dynamic visualization and representation (through dynamic geometry software such as GeoGebra) that transforms abstract concepts into concrete, facilitating the understanding of mathematical principles and the relationships between concepts; (2) Interactive learning (Web 2.0-based) that encourages independent exploration, collaboration, and the development of critical thinking. Successful implementation depends on structured guidance within the framework of Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK). The study's conclusions confirm that the integration of technology significantly strengthens the conceptual competence of pre-service teachers as the foundation of effective teaching practices while addressing the gap in previous training models.
creator: Rani Rizka Ramdani
creator: Kana Hidayati
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-31
publication date: 2025-10-31
volume: 12
number: 11
starting page: 202
ending page: 211
doi: 10.18415/ijmmu.v12i11.7122

A Comparative Study on Foreign Language Speaking Anxiety Level of Female Students in Only-Girl School and Mixed-Sex School in EFL Classroom.
type: item
description: This non-experimental, causal-comparative study, sought to find possible variations in foreign language speaking anxiety level among female students in two different educational environments: the mixed-sex Bambassi Secondary School and the all-females Pharo Boarding School.The Foreign Language speaking Anxiety Scale (FLSAS), Developed by Horwitz et al. (1986), was used to assess foreign language speaking anxiety level of female students within the two environment. This research reveals that Pharo Boarding School and Bambassi Secondary School students (p = 0.607) do not differ noticeably in foreign language speaking anxiety. This points to little impact of variables related to school, like teaching techniques, the surroundings of the school, or the kind of institution, on the degree of worry experienced by pupils.
creator: Abiyot Mosissa Leta
creator: Sherif Ali Ahmed
creator: Desalegn Tolesa Bonda
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-10-31
publication date: 2025-10-31
volume: 12
number: 11
starting page: 212
ending page: 220
doi: 10.18415/ijmmu.v12i11.7150

Marriage Permit Application for Civil Servants to the State Police of the Republic of Indonesia, Lampung Region
type: item
description: Police of the Republic of Indonesia. This implementation is mandatory for Civil Servants in the National Police of the Republic of Indonesia based on Regulation of the Chief of the National Police of the Republic of Indonesia Number 9 of 2010 as amended by Regulation of the Chief of the National Police of the Republic of Indonesia Number 6 of 2018 concerning Procedures for Submitting Marriage, Divorce and Reconciliation for Civil Servants in the National Police of the Republic of Indonesia. However, not all Civil Servants in the National Police who have submitted a marriage permit will definitely receive a decision granting permission. This article focuses on two issues: how to apply for a marriage permit for civil servants in the National Police of the Republic of Indonesia; and what are the supporting and inhibiting factors in applying for a marriage permit for civil servants in the National Police of the Republic of Indonesia. This research was conducted both normatively and empirically. Data were collected through interviews at the Lampung Regional Police Human Resources Bureau. Furthermore, literature review was also used to obtain comprehensive information. The research results show that marriage permit applications for civil servants at the Indonesian National Police (Polri) comply with Indonesian legal and ethical norms. The police provide support services, such as premarital counseling, to members in applying for permits. However, the inhibiting factors include: There are still members who carry out marriages, but do not apply for permission first to their work unit.
creator: Rizky Radhi Muarief
creator: Nurmayani Nurmayani
creator: Rifka Yudhi
creator: Upik Hamidah
creator: Muhammad Ali Hakim
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-11-02
publication date: 2025-11-02
volume: 12
number: 11
starting page: 221
ending page: 227
doi: 10.18415/ijmmu.v12i11.7127

Identity Representation in the Political Battle of Tasikmalaya’s 2024 Mayoral Candidates
type: item
description: The 2024 mayoral election in Tasikmalaya, Indonesia, presents a complex political landscape. Identity representation plays a pivotal role in shaping public discourse and voter perception. This study employs Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) to examine the linguistic and semiotic strategies employed by mayoral candidates to construct and convey their identity representations. It examines how these strategies shape and reflect broader sociopolitical ideologies within the local context. Drawing from campaign banners, the study analyzes linguistic choices, imagery, and color schemes. It investigates how candidates position themselves in terms of ethnicity, religion, and regional affiliations. Using Fairclough’s three-dimensional CDA framework, the study focuses on text analysis, discursive practice, and sociocultural context. The findings reveal that identity markers on campaign banners serve as tools for self-presentation for candidates, also helping them subtly differentiate themselves from opponents by tapping into local sentiments and values. This analysis deepens our understanding of how discourse shapes political identity and demonstrates how identity representation can influence voter engagement and local democratic processes. The study contributes to the discourse on identity politics in local elections and demonstrates how visual and textual cues in political campaign materials can influence public opinion and voter alignment in emerging urban centers, such as Tasikmalaya.
creator: Nandang Kurniadi
creator: Yeni Artanti
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-11-02
publication date: 2025-11-02
volume: 12
number: 11
starting page: 228
ending page: 241
doi: 10.18415/ijmmu.v12i11.7159

Digital Literacy and Cultural Expression: How TikTok Reimagines Traditional Dance
type: item
description: This study explores how traditional dance is reimagined and performed within the digital ecosystem of TikTok, focusing on the experiences of dance instructors at Yayasan Ayodya Pala, a cultural institution in Indonesia. Using a qualitative case study approach and guided by the Social Construction of Reality, the Culture of Connectivity, and Crystallization, the research investigates how cultural meanings are constructed, negotiated, and circulated in algorithmic environments. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with three instructors from different generations, revealing how they integrate digital literacy into pedagogical practices and cultural preservation efforts. The findings show that TikTok functions not only as a promotional and educational medium but also as a platform for cultural negotiation—where instructors balance tradition with digital aesthetics to reach broader, younger audiences. This study highlights the role of digital literacy as a form of cultural competence, positioning dance instructors as cultural mediators who adapt sacred and artistic expressions into participatory digital formats. In doing so, the research contributes to our understanding of how traditional arts evolve in response to platform-driven dynamics and youth engagement in the digital age.
creator: Martina Shalaty Putri
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-11-02
publication date: 2025-11-02
volume: 12
number: 11
starting page: 242
ending page: 251
doi: 10.18415/ijmmu.v12i11.7138

The Role of Motivation and Reading Habits on High School Students’ Reading Comprehension
type: item
description: Having proficiency in reading skills is important, particularly for students studying English as a foreign language. To achieve this, knowing the factors that lead to success in reading comprehension is necessary. Motivation and reading habits have been shown to influence students' reading comprehension significantly. However, achieving success in reading is hindered by the different levels of students' reading comprehension abilities. With varying levels among students, it certainly affects the improvement of students' reading comprehension skills. Therefore, in-depth knowledge is required regarding the role of developing motivation and the habit of reading. The purpose of this study is to identify the correlation between motivation, reading habits, and reading comprehension in high school students. A quantitative correlation research design was employed involving 381 students from five senior high schools in Yogyakarta City. The questionnaires and the reading comprehension test were used as the data collection instruments. Then, the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression tests. Based on the findings, it was found that there is no significant correlation between motivation, reading habits, and reading comprehension in English. From the results, further research is needed, as well as the use of more in-depth analysis in order to find findings that may differ from this study.
creator: Alissa Rahmasari
creator: Jamilah Jamilah
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-11-02
publication date: 2025-11-02
volume: 12
number: 11
starting page: 252
ending page: 264
doi: 10.18415/ijmmu.v12i11.7171

The Influence of Augmented Reality on the Ability of Analytical Students in Science Learning
type: item
description: Education is not free from the development and progress of the world. Augmented Reality (AR) is one of them. Emerging technologies have quickly entered the field of education because of the diverse possibilities they offer. Besides that student expected to follow the progress of the times. Students sued for their ability to face the challenge of development of the times. Analytical ability is one of the most basic high-level thinking skills to hone 21st-century skills. The research design chosen is SLR (Systematic Literature Review) which uses the PRISMA method to collect data. The results of this study show that AR (Augmented Reality) can help science learning and improve students' analytical skills. Study This expectation can become a runway for development and more carry-on utilization of AR to support learning science.
creator: Yuninda Adumiranti
creator: Pujianto Pujianto
creator: Yuni Hartati Eliya Rosa
creator: Real Fandi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-11-04
publication date: 2025-11-04
volume: 12
number: 11
starting page: 265
ending page: 273
doi: 10.18415/ijmmu.v12i11.7184

Strengthening Character with Servant Leadership: Implementation in the NTB Regional Water and Air Police Directorate
type: item
description: This study was conducted to provide more complete knowledge about the application of servant leadership to strengthen the character of members of the Directorate of Water Police and Air Police of the NTB Regional Police. To reveal the effectiveness of the application of servant leadership in a Police organization that has a hierarchical structure and culture that is different from civilian organizations. and identify the obstacles faced by the Directorate of Water Police and Air Police of the NTB Regional Police in implementing servant leadership. This research method is a qualitative research type. Data collection and analysis techniques are obtained from natural situations. The approach used is a case study approach. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that: 1. The application of servant leadership to strengthen the character of members of the Directorate of Water Police and Air Police of the NTB Regional Police, through a Spiritual and Mental guidance program for all religions, a program for instilling discipline values, instilling environmental values, training or Workshops. 2. The effectiveness of the application of servant leadership in a police organization that has a hierarchical structure and culture that is different from civilian organizations. Runs effectively in Spiritual and mental guidance, instilling discipline values, instilling environmental values, and training or Workshops in accordance with the objectives. 3. What obstacles does the NTB Regional Police's Water Police and Air Police Directorate face in implementing servant leadership? These obstacles stem from internal and external factors.
creator: Antonius Antonius
creator: Untung Waluyo
creator: Sudirman Sudirman
creator: Asrin Asrin
creator: Abdul Kadir Jaelani
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-11-05
publication date: 2025-11-05
volume: 12
number: 11
starting page: 274
ending page: 283
doi: 10.18415/ijmmu.v12i11.7143

Development of Geogebra-Assisted Learning Tools to Improve Students' Mathematical Communication Skills and Learning Motivation
type: item
description: This study aims to produce GeoGebra-assisted learning tools to improve students' mathematical communication skills and learning motivation in terms of validity, practicality, and effectiveness. The research model uses the ADDIE model, namely analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The subjects of this study were students of class IX E MTs Negeri 9 Bantul. The research instruments used consisted of validation sheets, practicality assessment sheets by teachers and students, observation sheets for learning implementation, mathematical communication ability test questions and learning motivation questionnaires. Validity and practicality data analysis was carried out by converting quantitative data into qualitative forms on a five-point scale. Effectiveness data analysis was carried out using Paired sample t-test and one sample t-test. Based on the data analysis, it is known that the GeoGebra-assisted learning device developed meets the valid aspects with the criteria of "Good", then the practicality test developed by the teacher's assessment of the teaching module with the criteria of very "Good", the student's assessment of the LKPD with the criteria of "Good", and the results of the implementation of learning are assessed with an average percentage of more than 85%. The effectiveness of the mathematics learning device developed with the criteria of effective based on the percentage of student learning completion in the post-test of communication skills is more than 75%. It can be concluded that there is a significant increase between the results of the pre-test and post-test of communication skills and student learning motivation.
creator: Weni Ernita
creator: Karyati Karyati
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-11-08
publication date: 2025-11-08
volume: 12
number: 11
starting page: 284
ending page: 294
doi: 10.18415/ijmmu.v12i11.7212

Visual Perception and Artistic Stage Design: A Cognitive Perspective on Contemporary Indonesian Performing Arts
type: item
description: This study explores the application of Carolyn Bloomer's cognitive theory in analyzing artistic stage design at the 2025 Post-Creation Festival held at the Indonesian Institute of Arts in Surakarta. Bloomer's theory of visual perception is used to understand how visual elements such as stage design, lighting, costumes, and the performance space influence the audience's cognitive and emotional experiences. The research uses a descriptive qualitative approach, gathering data through direct observation, interviews, and visual documentation. The results show that artistic design serves not only as an aesthetic element but also as a form of visual communication that stimulates perception and meaning. From a cognitive perspective, each visual element activates mental processes such as attention, association, and symbolic interpretation, thereby connecting visual experiences to meaningful awareness. Through conceptually designed artistic staging, the 2025 Post-Creation Festival becomes a space for dialogue between artists and audiences, where visual perception develops into a reflective and meaningful aesthetic experience.
creator: Syarifah Nur Hajja
creator: Faiqotul Mustabsyiroh
creator: Zanuar Eko Rahayu
creator: Hilmi Khoirul Fikri
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-11-08
publication date: 2025-11-08
volume: 12
number: 11
starting page: 295
ending page: 312
doi: 10.18415/ijmmu.v12i11.7199

Revisiting the Stages of the Evolution of Human Eschatology in Transcendent Philosophy
type: item
description: In Mulla Sadra’s philosophical wisdom, anthropology is considered one of the most fundamental principles addressing the human position. The use of an intra-religious descriptive method and the establishment of a relationship with the rational system of philosophical psychology are among the most essential approaches of “Transcendent Philosophy” (al-Ḥikmah al-Muta‘āliyah) in this regard. The present research aims to examine Mulla Sadra’s philosophical viewpoint on the issue of human position through his own philosophical approach. It explores the logical relations among Mulla Sadra’s ontological perspective—which overshadows his entire intellectual system—his epistemological framework, and his eschatology, as well as the interconnection among these three philosophical foundations with the stages of the human ascent (Qaws al-Su‘ūd). Eventually, this study will reexamine and analyze life-meaning theories from the foundational standpoint of “Transcendent Philosophy,” with a focus on key principles, such as the substantial and intensifying motion of the soul, human reality in attaining the ultimate degrees of intellect, and the perfection of the soul as an ontological paradigm of man’s transcendent station.
creator: Delbar Shoja Abajlou
creator: Mirza Ali Ketabi
creator: Mazaher Ahmadian Chaharborj
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-11-08
publication date: 2025-11-08
volume: 12
number: 11
starting page: 313
ending page: 320
doi: 10.18415/ijmmu.v12i11.7228

The Place of Security in the Islamic Utopia from the Perspective of the Holy Quran
type: item
description: Since the beginning of creation in the universe, humans have faced a conundrum called security. Because environmental factors were the most important danger that threatened human life. However, security, like other values and social concepts, depends on existing conditions and realities, which is a dynamic and fluid concept that has been changing and evolving throughout human social life, from simple to complex, according to the social structure and function of human life. It has shown itself from individual security to social, national, regional, and international security. In the Quranic culture, security has a broad, balanced and profound concept and includes all aspects of individual and social life and political, economic, social and cultural spheres in both internal and external dimensions. It emphasizes a model of security that is linked to the authority, dignity, coherence, unity and communication of the Islamic society in the international arena and the internal and external strength of the society. It considers the condition of national security in the dimension of external security and the internal strength of the Islamic nation. It considers any concern, worry and insecurity in one dimension to be effective in other dimensions and considers any strength and power in one area to be the source of power and authority in other areas. The Holy Quran considers food and economic security and security against external threats and various internal and external conspiracies to be one of the great blessings of God. In line with the realization of these principles, it emphasizes the creation of public confidence and peace, worship and spirituality.
creator: Mohammad Naim Mohammadi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-11-08
publication date: 2025-11-08
volume: 12
number: 11
starting page: 321
ending page: 331
doi: 10.18415/ijmmu.v12i11.7229

The Influence of Smart Wheel Learning Media on Beginning Reading Skills in Indonesian Language Subjects in Grade I of Elementary School
type: item
description: This study aims to determine the effect of using the Roda Pintar (Smart Wheel) media on the early reading ability of first-grade students at Elementary School (SD Negeri 5 Damar). The background of this research lies in the low level of students' initial reading skills, as some students still struggle to recognize letters, combine syllables, and read simple words.The study employed a quantitative approach with an experimental method using a One Group Pretest-Posttest design. The sample consisted of 21 class IA students selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through pretest and posttest of early reading, observation, and documentation, and were then analyzed using descriptive statistics, normality tests, and a Paired Sample t-test. The results showed an increase in the average score from 41.43 in the pretest to 71.76 in the posttest. The statistical package for the Social Sciences (SPSS 26) normality test indicated a pretest value of 0.086 > 0.05 and a posttest value of 0.077 > 0.05, suggesting that both data sets were normally distributed. Furthermore, hypothesis testing with SPSS 26 revealed a Sig. (2-tailed) The value of 0.000 < 0.05, indicating that the alternative hypothesis (Ha ) was accepted. Similarly, manual calculation of the hypothesis test showed a t-value of -8.376 compared to the t-table value of 2.086, which also led to the rejection of the null hypothesis (Ho) and the acceptance of Ha . These findings demonstrated that the Roda Pintar media significantly improved students' early reading ability in Indonesian language learning for first-grade students at Elementary School (SD Negeri 5 Damar).
creator: Nadiyah Annisa Kinanti
creator: Asyraf Suryadin
creator: Dodi Pranata
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-11-10
publication date: 2025-11-10
volume: 12
number: 11
starting page: 332
ending page: 338
doi: 10.18415/ijmmu.v12i11.7221

Igniting Motivation: Enhancing Writing through Strategy Training among Grade 11 Students
type: item
description: This quasi-experimental study investigated the effect of writing strategy training on enhancing motivation among Grade 11 students with 52 students in the experimental group receiving training in cognitive, metacognitive, memory, compensation, and social strategies, while 47 students in the control group followed conventional teaching. Data were collected through pre- and post-test questionnaires that supported by semi-structured interviews. The data were analyzed using independent and paired sample t-tests. The results revealed significant improvements in the experimental group’s writing self-efficacy, achievement goal orientation, writing beliefs, affective and overall motivation with all changes demonstrating large effect sizes. These findings indicate that strategy training is an effective approach for strengthening learners’ motivation and engagement in academic writing. Based on these results, the study recommends that teachers systematically integrate writing strategy training into classroom practice, curriculum developers embed motivational elements such as autonomy support and mastery-oriented goals into writing pedagogy and future researchers examine the long-term sustainability and applicability of such interventions across diverse educational contexts.
creator: Lalisa Leta Tufa
creator: Tekle Ferede Metaferia
creator: Teshale Tefera Gizachew
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-11-12
publication date: 2025-11-12
volume: 12
number: 11
starting page: 339
ending page: 351
doi: 10.18415/ijmmu.v12i11.7147

Cultural Transformation of Gordang Sambilan: Shifts in Function and Aesthetic Values
type: item
description: This study aims to analyze the cultural transformation of Gordang Sambilan, a traditional musical ensemble of the Batak Mandailing community, by examining the shifts in its function and aesthetic values. Employing a qualitative approach with ethnographic methods, data were collected through field observations, in-depth interviews with cultural figures and musicians, and document analysis. The findings reveal a significant transformation: from its original function as a sacred medium in rituals and ancestral communication, Gordang Sambilan has evolved into a cultural performance and entertainment medium. Aesthetic values have also shifted with the incorporation of modern musical elements, affecting performance styles and repertoire. Despite these changes, Gordang Sambilan remains a vital symbol of Mandailing cultural identity, navigating the challenges of modernization and globalization.
creator: Rinda Niari
creator: Suwarta Zebua
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-11-14
publication date: 2025-11-14
volume: 12
number: 11
starting page: 352
ending page: 357
doi: 10.18415/ijmmu.v12i11.6795

Analysis of the Needs for Culture and Literature-Based Teaching Materials for Middle-Level BIPA Students at Yogyakarta State University
type: item
description: This study aims to explain the application of BIPA teaching materials based on culture and literature and analyze the needs of teaching materials based on culture and literature at Yogyakarta State University. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative, namely by explaining objects in detail, real, and according to facts. Data collection techniques used in this study are through observation, interviews, and distributing questionnaires to BIPA learners and teachers at Yogyakarta State University. The results of the study indicate that learning Indonesian for foreign speakers at Yogyakarta State University uses BIPA teaching materials based on culture and literature created by lecturers in charge of the course with reference to the 2017 BIPA Graduate Competency Standards (SKL). In addition, digital teaching materials based on culture and literature are needed that can be accessed anytime, anywhere, and interactively.
creator: Alifah Raihan Nur Hasanah
creator: Nurhadi Nurhadi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-11-17
publication date: 2025-11-17
volume: 12
number: 11
starting page: 358
ending page: 366
doi: 10.18415/ijmmu.v12i11.7210

Floral Lexicon in the Field of Rice Agriculture in Indramayu
type: item
description: The floral lexicon not only represents the richness of local vocabulary for rice farmers in Indramayu Regency, but also forms cultural content that impacts rice crops. This study describes the function, form and meaning of the floral lexicon in rice farming in Indramayu Regency through qualitative methods with an ecolinguistic approach . Data sources were obtained from farmer groups, field workers, and cultural observers. Data were obtained in the field of rice farming which includes the environment, farmer activities, ritual offerings and traditions such as mapag sri , sedekah bumi , ngrujaki pari and sambetan . Sampling was carried out using perposive sampling techniques . Data collection used interviews, observations, literature studies and then used document analysis. Data validation used source triangulation and theory to test the validity of the data. Data analysis techniques were carried out by data reduction, data presentation, and data verification. The results of the study showed that there were twenty floral lexicons not only functioning as markers of plants supporting the rice field ecosystem, but representing the ecological, social, and spiritual values of the community. Each lexicon, such as wekkis , lelandep , tapak dara , and bengok , contains an ecological ideology that emphasizes the harmony between humans and nature. The flora lexicon signifies ecological concepts passed down through generations, serving as a means of transmitting the values of mutual cooperation and respect for nature, and demonstrating a discourse structure that integrates language, ritual, and the field of rice farming.
creator: Ryega Daud Ibrahim
creator: Kundharu Saddhono
creator: Nugraheni Eko Wardani
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
date: 2025-11-20
publication date: 2025-11-20
volume: 12
number: 11
starting page: 367
ending page: 381
doi: 10.18415/ijmmu.v12i11.7246