Globalization Theory of Foreign Companies Regarding Afghanistan Law
Abstract
A foreign company without a host country (Afghanistan) is meaningless. Scientists consider the theoretical basic of foreign companies with no regard to its origin from investor perspective which is the momentum for obtaining interest. However, foreign company’ activity requires providing certain conditions. Foreign companies’ activity is not merely a technical issue but it is a law process that requires suitable conditions for foreign investment and supporting them. Without providing suitable condition by Afghanistan government, foreign companies won’t be able to obtain interest. The suitable situation is formed according to Afghanistan’s interdependence to absorb capital, advanced technology, joining international markets, reducing consumer’s costs, increasing employment and competing with other countries. Conversely, the foreign companies compete with one another to get the raw materials, control the market and obtain a certain interest if the suitable condition is formed by Afghanistan. Globalization provides the condition for foreign companies to offer goods and services regarding consumer’s taste and interest by exceeding geographical boundaries and linking the world parts. The present article aims at analyzing and criticizing the theoretical basics for foreign companies from the investor perspective. Also the globalization theory for foreign companies from two perspectives i.e. the country that invests (investor) and the country which is invested on has been presented.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
A. Bert O. Hirschman, (1969). National Power and the Structure of Foreign Trade, University of California Press, Berkeley.
A.J.H. Latham and Heita Kawakatsu, (2006), Intra-Asian Trade and the World Market, New York, first published by Routledge,.
Afghanistan Ministry of Foreign Affairs, (Oct. 2013), Special Bulletin, [online] at: http://afghanistanembassy.org.uk/oldsite/dari/pdf/Special_Bulletin.pdf retrieved: 7/7/2023.
Agrawal, J. (1980), Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment: A Survey, Weltwirtschaftilliches, Archive, 116.
Alex Ten, Zixiang; (2002), Product Cycle Theory and Telecommunications Industry–foreign Investment, Government, Government policy, and Indigenous Manufacturing in China, Telecommunications Policy 26.
Ameri, Faisal, (Winter 2001), Foreign direct Investment and its role in the transfer of technology to countries growing, Journal of Research Basic Law, No. 5.
Baylis, John; & Smith, Steve, (2001), Globalization of World Politics: An Introduction to International Relations, Oxford University Press, (translator: Rahchamani, Abulghasim & others, 2004), first published, Tehran. Cotemporary Tehran Abrar Cultural Institute of International Studies.
Benjamin Gomes-Classers, (1996). The Alliance Revolution: the New Shape of Business Rivalry, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, [Online]. http://alliancerevolution.com/PDFs/BGC%20ARcontents%20HUP.pdf retrieved: 6/5/2023.
Bhagwati, Jagdish Natwar Lal, (2004), In Defense of Globalization, (translator: Karbasian, Masoud), scientific and cultural publication, Tehran.
Brian Aiken and Ann Harrison, (1993. Does Proximity to Foreign Firms In duce Technology Spillover? PRD Working Paper, World Bank, Washington D.C. and for Morocco,
Brown, Deardorff, and Stern, The effects of Multinational Enterprises, discuss further evidence.
Buckley, P. & Casson, M. (1976). The Future of Multinational Enterprise, Macmillan, London.
Buckley, P. J., (1981). New Forms of International Industrial Corporation, Aus-Senwirtschaft, 38.
Buckley, P. J., (1983). New Theories of International Business: Some Unresolved issue. In Mark Casson, editor, The Growth of International Business, Allen & Unwin, London.
Buckley, P.J., (1985). A Critical View of Theories of the Multinational Enterprise, in the Economic Theory of the Multinational Enterprise (ed.), P.J, Buckley, and Casson, M., Macmillan Press, London.
Buckley, P.J., (1988), The Limits of Explanation: M Testing the Internationalization Theory of Multinational Enterprise, Journal of International Business Studies, 19, .
Buckley, P.J., (1991), the Frontiers of International Business Research, Management International Review, vol. 31, Special Issue,.
Buckley, P.J., (1993), the role of Management in Internalization theory, Management International Review, 33 (3).
Cantwell, John, (1991). The International Agglomeration of R & D. In Global Research Strategy and International Competitiveness, (ed.), Mark Casson, Basil Blackwell, Oxford.
Carl Hamilton, (May 24-25, 2002), Globalization and Democracy, paper presented to the International Seminar on International Trade on “Challenges to Globalization”, Stockholm,.
Caves, R. E., (1996), Multinational Enterprise and Economic Analysis, 2nd edition, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Caves, Richard E. (1982), Multinational Enterprise and Economic Analysis, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Charles P. Kindleberger, (1970). Power and Money: the Economic of International Politics and the Politics of International Economics, Basic Books, New York,
Clegg, J., (1987), Multinational Enterprise and World Competition, St. Martin’s Press, New York.
Deaking, N; & R. Parry, (2000), the Treasury and Social Policy, Macmillan, London.
Drusilla Brown, Alan Deardorff, and Robert Ster, (March 11, 2002). The Effects of Multinational Production on Wages and Working Conditions in Developing Countries, [online] at: http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w9669.
Dunning, (1991). The Internationalization of the Production of Services: some General and Specific Explanations, Presented at the Conference, Coalition and Competition: Globalization of Professional Services, October 19-20, 1991, Duke University.
Dunning, J, (1993a). Multinational Enterprises and the Global Economy, Harlow, Addison-Wesley.
Dunning, J. (1973), the determinant of International Production, Oxford Economic Papers, 25.
Dunning, John H, (1981); Explaining the International Direct Investment Position of Countries, towards a dynamic of development Approach, Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv, vol. 117.
Dunning, John H., (1990). The Internationalization of the Production of services: Some General and specific Explanations. Presented at the Conference, Coalition and Competition: Globalization of Professional Services, October 19-20, 1991, Duke University.
Dunning, John, H., (1989). Location and the Multinational Enterprise: A Neglected Factor, Journal of International Business Studies.
Edward M. Graham, (2000). Fighting the Wrong Enemy: Anti global Activists and Multinational Enterprises, Institute for International Economics, Washington, D.C.
GATT, Annual Report (Geneva: GATT, 1991).
Gene, Grossman and Alan, Krueger, (1995). Economic Growth and the Environment, Quarterly Journal of Economics 110.
Geoffrey, Garrett, (July 2000), Globalization and Government Spending Around the World, esp. 27; [online], at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hec.1518.
Glanco, Devita & Kevin Lawler, (2004), Foreign Direct Investment and Its Determinants, A look to the past, A View to the future, In foreign Investment in developing countries, by H.S. Kehal, Palgrave, Macmillan Ltd, London.
Gilpin, Robert, (2001), Global Political Economy: Understanding the International Economic Order, (translator: Mir Mohammadi, 2008), first published, Tehran, Research Institute of Economy Policy Press.
H. Gorg and E. Strobl, (2002), Spillovers from Foreign Firms through Worker Mobility: An Empirical Investigation, Leverhulme Centre for Research on Globalization and Economic Policy, University of Nottingham. [online] at: https://www.nottingham.ac.uk/shared/shared_levpublications/Research_Papers/2002/02_13.pdf. retrieved: 8/12/2023.
Haddad and Ann Harrison, (October 1993). Are there Positive Spillovers from Direct Investment? Evidence from Panel Date for Morocco, Journal of Development Economics.
Haufbauer, G.C. (1975); The Multinational Corporation and Direct Investment, in P.B. Kenen (ed); International Trade and Finance: Frontiers for Research, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Horst Hanusch, Ed, (1988). Evolutionary Economic: Application of Schumpeter’s Ideas, Cambridge University Press, New York,.
http://aftabnews.ir/fa/news/238131/ retrieved: (8/5/2023).
http://sinanews.ir/News/Print/?ID=4125 retrieved: (20//6/2023).
Hymer, S.H. (1960), (republished 1976); the International Operations of National Firms: A study of Direct Foreign Investment, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass,.
Johnson, Jan. & Paul Finn Wiedersheim, (Oct 1975). The Internationalization of the Firm: Four Swedish Cases, Journal of Management Studies, [online], Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10644-004-7506-z.
Joseph, Stiglitz, (1990). Comments: Some retrospective views on growth theory in peter diamond, ed, Growth/Productivity/ Unemployment, MIT Press, Cambridge.
Kehal, S. (2004), Foreign Investment in Development Countries, University of Western Sydney, Sydney,
Kenichi, Ohmae, (1990). The Borderless World: Power and Strategy in the International Economy, Harper Business, New York.
Kenichi, Ohmae, (2005), The next Global Stage: Challenge and Opportunities in the world without borders, (translator: Karbasian, Masoud), scientific and cultural publication, Tehran.
Kojima, Kiyoshi., & Ozawa, Terutomo., (1982), Japan and the “New Forms” of investment: the Role of Sogo-Shosha (General Trade Companies), OECD Development Centre, Paris.
Larson, Thomas, (2000), Wealth and Power for quest Economy Political International, (Translator: Diligent, Ahamad & Taghavi, Mahdi), Ghoms Publishing Company, Tehran.
Lim, D., (1983), Fiscal Incentives and Foreign Direct Investment in Less Developed Countries, Journal of Development Studies, 19.
Lim, Linda, (2001). The Globalization Debate: Issues and Challenges, International Labor Organization, Geneva.
Michael E. Porter, (1990). The Competitive Advantage of Nation, Uniwin Hyman, London, p.
Mundell, Robert A., (1960), the monetary dynamics of international adjustment under fixed and flooding exchange rates, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 74.
Najarzadh, Reza, (Summer 2005), Estimate the supply function of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the OIC Member States (OIC), Journal of Business Research Letter, Issue 35.
Noorani, Javed, (2011), Hajigak the Jewel of Afghan Mines, workin paper [online] at: http://www.abc.net.au/radionational/linkableblob/3732672/data/hajigak-jewel-data.pdf retrieved: 26/12/2022.
Owen, R.E. (1982), Inter-Industry Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment, in Ragman A.M. (ed.), New Theories of Multinational Enterprise, London: Croom Helm.
Paul Glewwe, (1999). Are Foreign-Owned Business in Viet Nam Really Sweatshops? University of Minnesota.
Radmand, Asadullah, (Spring & Summer 2013), Legal Guarantee of Foreigner's Investment in Afghanistan, vol.2. No.2 & 3, University of Tehran.
Richard E. Caves, (1982). Multinational Enterprise and Economic Analysis, Harvard University Press, Cambridge.
Richard, Nelson, (Sep/Oct 1997), “How is new Growth Theory?”, Challenge 40, No.5.
Richard, O’brien, (1992), Global Financial Integration: The end of Geography, Printer Publisher, London.
Robert Feenstra, Gordon Hanson, and Ann Harrison. These econometric studies are reviewed in Drusilla Brown, Alan Deardorff and Robert Stern, (March 11 2002) “The Effects of Multinational Enterprises on Wages and Working Conditions in Developing Countries”, [online], available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w9669.
Robertson, Roland, (1992). Globalization: Social Theory and Global Culture, Published in association with Theory, Culture & Society.
Rodrik, (April 1995), Getting Interventions Right: How South Korea and Taiwan Grew Rich, Economic Policy.
Safrian, A.E., (1990). The Investment of Multinational Enterprises, North American Review of Economic & Finance, 1 (2).
Seyd, Noorani, Syed Mohamad Reza, (April 2000), Effect of FDI on aggregate demand of the economy (case study: Indonesia, Thailand, Singapore and Malaysia), Journal of Political Information – Economic, No. 151 & 152. Tehran.
UN Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). [online] at: http://www.who.int/topics/millennium_development_goals/about/en/ retrieved: 19/8/2023.
UNCTAD, (2012), Global Investment Trends (Chapter 1).
UNCTAD, (2012), World Investment Report, United Nations Publication, Switzerland.
W. Arthur Lewis, (1978). The Evolution of International Economic Order, Princeton University Press, Princeton.
World commission on the social Dimension of Globalization, (2005), (translator: Ali Gholyan, Abdul Ahamed), First published, scientific and cultural publication, Tehran.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v11i8.6097
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2024 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-nd/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
https://ijmmu.com
editor@ijmmu.com
facebook.com/ijmmu
Copyright © 2014-2018 IJMMU. All rights reserved.