The Role of the Model of Ethnic Relations in Reducing Crime in Afghanistan

Abstract

Ethnic and linguistic diversity in a country, while it is considered an opportunity for growth and development, if not managed properly, becomes a serious challenge and creates tension in the country, increasing crimes will be one of them. Afghanistan has faced this problem for many years and has not yet found a suitable solution. The current research, using the descriptive-analytical method, aims to provide a suitable solution according to the cultural and social structure of the country. Historical and empirical studies of countries show that they have experienced four types of patterns of ethnic relations to solve their problems. The first model is the out-group marriage that results in born babies that do not belong to a specific race but belong to diverse races. The second one is the pattern of assimilation that occurs at two levels of culture and social structure. Based on this, the culture of other ethnic and their social groups fade away in the culture and social structure of the larger ethnic. The third modal is ethnic pluralism. Based on this pattern, different ethnic groups maintain their own culture and social structure. The fourth one is the model of unity in plurality, in this model, ethnic diversity is recognized on the one hand, and geographical and cultural unity is also considered on the other hand.  Considering the ethnic structure in Afghanistan, the most suitable model for reducing crimes is the model of "unity in plurality", which respects the values of different ethnic groups and also considers the unity of society.