The Role of the Fergana Customs Area in the Trade Between Russia and Kashgar (East Turkestan, Second Half of the 19th - Early 20th Centuries)

Sherzod Tashtursunovich Bakhranov

Abstract


This article is devoted to the trade policy of Russia with Kashgar (East Turkestan) through Central Asia in the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries. Fergana region (Kokand) has become one of the main transfer points in Russian-Kashgar trade relations.


Keywords


Exchange Committee; Russia; Kashgar; East Turkestan; Turkestan Territory; Cotton; Oil Mill; Textile Industry; Raw Materials; Trade; Premium Goods; Kokand Customs; Irkeshtam Crossing Point; Merchants; Advance Payment

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References


NA Uz, F.I-19, op. 1, d.23815, l.1 (ob.), 4 (ob.).

NA Uz, F.I-46, op. 1, d. 37, l. 7-8.

B.L. Gromsky. Report on a trip to Kashgar and southern Kashkaria in 1885. Lieutenant New Margelan, 1886, p. 99.

Ibid. p.104.

S.R. Konopka. Turkestan Territory, Ed. Electro-printing at the Office of the Turkestan General Governorship. Tashkent. 1913 p. 138.

The highest customs were considered to have 3 categories.

NA Uz, F.I-46, op.1, d.16, l. 259.

Ibid, l. 215, 216 (ob).

Yearbook of the Fergana region, v.1, Issue 1902 New Margelan. With. 61.

Yearbook of the Fergana region, vol. 1, Issue of 1902 New Margelan. With. 61.

Yearbook of the Fergana region, vol. 1, Issue of 1902 New Margelan. With. 56.

NA Uz, F.I-46, op. 1, d.208, l.83.

Ibid., D. 100, l. 53-54.

Ibid, no. 65, l. 41.

Ibid, fol. 165.

NA Uz, F.I-46, op. 1, d.208, l. 72-73 (ob).

Ibid, fol. 75.

NA Uz, FI-90, op.1, d.82, l.24.

NA Uz, F.I. -90, item 1, file 85, sheet 18.

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Ibid, l.164.

Ibid, d. 299, l. 58.

Ibid., D. 243, l. 164 (ob).

Ibid, l.164 (ob).

Ibid., Sheet 165.

NA Uz, F.I.-90, op. 1, d. 82, l. 25-26.

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NA Uz, FI-90, op.1, d.53, l.34.

NA Uz, F.I-46, op. 1, d. 299, l.58.

Ibid, fol. 49.

NA Uz, F.I. - 90, op. 1, d. 143, l. 213-214.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v9i2.3500

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