The Impact of Farmer Exchange Rate on Inflation During Covid 19 in Indonesia

Muaidy Yasin, M Amin

Abstract


This study aims to determine the impact of farmer exchange rates on the rate of inflation in Indonesia during the Covid 19 period. The independent variable on farmer exchange rates consists of the exchange rate of forestry farmers, horticultural farms, and food crops, while the dependent variable is the inflation rate based on expenditure. The results showed that the exchange rate of plantation farmers had a positive and significant effect or had an impact on the inflation rate, the exchange rate of livestock farmers had a positive and significant effect or had an impact on the inflation rate, the exchange rate of horticultural farmers had a positive and significant effect or had an impact on the inflation rate, the exchange rate of crop farmers. food has a positive and significant effect or has an impact on the inflation rate.


Keywords


Plantation Farmer Exchange Rate; Farmers Exchange Rate; Horticulture Farmers Exchange Rate; Exchange Rate of Food Crop Farmers; Inflation

Full Text:

PDF

References


Abdillah, Willy dan Jogiyanto Hartono. (2014). Partial Least Square ( PLS ). Yogyakarta : Andi

Agwu, N., & Orji, C. (2013). Empirical analysis of income inequalities and welfare among farmers in South-Eastern Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 8(1), 36.

Akbar, T., Fauzi, M., & Fajeri, H. (2019). Affecting Factors Farmer Exchange Rate ( NTP ) of Food Crops South Kalimantan Province. IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, 12(7), 83–91.

Akhmad, N. A. Achsani, M. Tambunan and S. A. Mulyo. 2013. The Impact of Fiscal Policy on the Regional Economy: Evidence from South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Journal of Applied Sciences Research, 9 (4): 2463-2474.

Akintunde, Y. W., Adesope and V. O. Okoruwa. 2013. An Analysis of Federal Government Expenditure and Monetary Policy on Agricultural Output in Nigeria. International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences, 1(6): 310-317.

Akter, T., Parvin, M. T., Mila, F. A., & Nahar, A. (2019). Factors determining the profitability of rice farming in Bangladesh. Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University, 17(1), 86–91.

Badan Pusat Statistik Indonesia (2020) Nilai Tukar Petani. Jakarta.

Badan Pusat Statistik Indonesia (2020) Inflasi Berdasarkan Tingkat Pengeluaran. Jakarta

Bhagat, V. S. (2013). Farmer Terms of Trade and Farmers’ Suicides in Maharashtra (India). Asian Journal of Research in Social Sciences and Humanities, 11(3): 216-242.

Godfrey, J. K. (2018). The welfare effect of eliminating commodity price volatility: Evidence from Tanzania coffee farmers. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 13(35), 1837–1851.

Hair, et al, 2014, Multivariate Data Analysis, New International Edition., New Jersey: Pearson.

Nchuchuwe, F. F. and K. D. Adejuwon. 2012. The Challenges of Agriculture and Rural Development in Africa: The Case of Nigeria. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development,1 (3): 45-61.

Priyono, and Teddy Chandra. 2016. Esensi Ekonomi Makro, Edisi Pertama. sidoarjo: Zifatama Publisher.

Rizov, M., Pokrivcak, J., & Ciaian, P. (2013). CAP subsidies and productivity of the EU farms. Journal of Agricultural Economics, 64(3), 537–557.

Rusda, Anwar, A. I., & Suhaeb, S. (2020). Development of Agriculture and its Impact on the Welfare of Farmers in Area of Bosowasipilu South Sulawesi. Global Scientific Journals, 8(1), 655–663.

Sinuhaji, J. 2006. Analisis hubungan Tingkat Inflasi dengan Pengangguran di Indonesia Tahun 1971 – 2004. Tesis Sekolah Pasca Sarjana Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan.

Sugiyono. (2014). Metode Penelitian Pendidikan Pendekatan Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.

Supranto. 2001. Ekonometrika. Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Indonesia. Jakarta.

Suyono. 2001. Peningkatan Nilai Tukar Petani di 13 Kota di Indonesia. Buletin Agroekonomi 33 (1) 20-35.

Suparmoko, M. 2000. Pengantar Ekonomi Makro (edisi 4) BPFE.Yogyakarta.

Uger, F. I. 2013. The Impact of Federal Government’s Expenditure on the Agricultural Sector in Nigeria. PAT Journal, 9 (1): 114- 122.

Waluyo, D.E. 2006. Ekonomi Makro. Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang Press. Malang.

Zhang, X., and S. Fan. 2002. Public investment and regional inequality in rural China. Agricultural Economics 30 (2004): 89–100.

Zhllima, E., D.Imami, H. Kächelein, and E. Merkaj. 2013. Impact of Fiscal Policies on Inputs and Production Costs In Greenhouse In Albania. Journal of Central European Agriculture, 14(2): 109-125.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v8i5.2647

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2021 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding (IJMMU) ISSN 2364-5369
https://ijmmu.com
editor@ijmmu.com
dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu
facebook.com/ijmmu
Copyright © 2014-2018 IJMMU. All rights reserved.