Elements and Principles of Political and Civil Rights in Religious Jurisdiction

Abstract

Objective: Since the beginning of human social life, conflict about the position of political and civil rights has been of importance. Clarification of this position is so important that it has become a criterion for categorizing various types of governments. On the other hand, divine religions which are harbingers of prosperity emphasize that human is task-oriented. Therefore, the religious community wonders how an individual can be both task-oriented and rightful. This article aims to investigate the relationship between the principles of political and civil rights and religious tenets and teachings. Method: This study is a descriptive-analytical and library research in which documents were extracted from religious texts and sources and then analyzed. Results: The findings of this study showed that some basic principles such as the principle of God's wisdom and divinity in creation, Man as the Caliph of God (God's substitute) on earth, Man as being responsible and obliged to build the society, the need to preserve human dignity, and the principle of tolerance and privacy are the source of political and civil rights in Islam. Conclusion: According to these principles, religious rules are obligatory, and all believers are committed to the use of their full capacity to realize and achieve the citizens' political rights derived from these principles and mobilize the authority of the government to confront the threats and obstacles to the access of people to their civil and political rights.