Promoting the Development of Instructional Design by Integrating Technology in Language Learning
Abstract
Language teachers are constantly creating, adapting, and evaluating teaching materials to create an instructional design that meets the needs of their learners. Developing instructional designs based on needs that engage learners in an effective and affective manner is crucial in improving the teaching and learning processes. One of the ways to develop the instructional design is through action research. This study attempted to illustrate how technology integration can promote instructional design development. The researcher used observations, interviews, and surveys to collect the qualitative data. Meanwhile, pre-and post-test was used to collect quantitative data. The qualitative data analysis employed the Interactive Model. On the other hand, the quantitative data analysis process was performed through the mean score comparison. The results showed some improvements in the learners’ English competencies. Furthermore, the researcher developed a novel instructional design in collaboration with learners, who were vigorously engaged in the process by providing feedback on daily reflection forms. Findings included the improvement of learner engagement and participation in learning. Furthermore, this study discovered the learners’ preferences regarding learning activities, online platforms, and topics for discussion. Finally, the study examined the implications of integrating technology in the learning process to develop a needs-based instructional design.
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Ampartzaki, M., Kypriotaki, M., Voreadou, C., Dardioti, A., & Stathi, I. (2013). Communities of practice and participatory action research: the formation of a synergy for the development of museum programmes for early childhood. Educational Action Research, 21(1), 4–27.
Angelaina, S., & Jimoyiannis, A. (2012). Analysing students’ engagement and learning presence in an educational blog community. Educational Media International, 49(3), 183–200. https://doi.org/10.1080/09523987.2012.738012.
Beetham, H., & Sharpe, R. (Eds.). (2013). Rethinking pedagogy or a digital age: Designing for 21st century learning. Routledge.
Bosompem, E. G. (2014). Materials adaptation in Ghana: Teachers’ attitudes and practices. In International perspectives on materials in ELT (pp. 104–120). Palgrave Macmillan.
Bower, M., Hedberg, J. G., & Kuswara, A. (2010). A framework for Web 2.0 learning design. Educational Media International, 47(3), 177–198.
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Burns, A. (2014). Professional learning in Australian ELICOS: An action research orientation. English Australia Journal, 29(2), 3–20.
Burns, A. (2017). Innovating teacher development: Transformative teacher education through classroom inquiry. Innovative Practices in Language Teacher Education, 187–203.
Burns, Anne. (1999). Collaborative action research for English language teachers. Cambridge University Press.
Chawes Enciso, N. C. (2018). Workshops centered on authentic videos to enhance speaking. Universidad Externado de Colombia.
Coccetta, F. (2018). Developing university students’ multimodal communicative competence: Field research into multimodal text studies in English. System, 77, 19–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2018.01.004.
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Creswell, J. W. (2015). Revisiting mixed methods and advancing scientific practices. In The Oxford handbook of multimethod and mixed methods research inquiry.
Dunn, T. J., & Kennedy, M. (2019). Technology Enhanced Learning in higher education; motivations, engagement and academic achievement. Computers and Education, 137(April), 104–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2019.04.004.
Eden, C., & Ackermann, F. (2018). Theory into practice, practice to theory: Action research in method development. European Journal of Operational Research, 271(3), 1145–1155.
Edwards, E., & Burns, A. (2016). Action research to support teachers’ classroom materials development. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 10(2), 106–120. https://doi.org/10.1080/17501229.2015.1090995.
Garton, S., & Graves, K. (2014). Materials in ELT: Current issues. In International perspectives on materials in ELT (pp. 1–15). Palgrave Macmillan.
Graves, K., & Garton, S. (2015). Addressing Mismatches Between Classroom and Context and Coursebooks. The 49th Annual IATEFL Conference.
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Jolly, D., & Bolitho, R. (2011). A framework for materials writing. In Materials development in language teaching (pp. 107–134).
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Kuo, N. C. (2015). Action research for improving the effectiveness of technology integration in preservice teacher education. Inquiry in Education, 6(1), 3.
Lee, J., & Choi, H. (2017). What affects learner’s higher-order thinking in technology-enhanced learning environments? The effects of learner factors. Computers and Education, 115, 143–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2017.06.015.
Majthoob, S. A. (2014). Adapting materials to meet the literacy needs of young Bahraini learners. In International perspectives on materials in ELT (pp. 53–68). Palgrave Macmillan.
Mallahi, O., & Saadat, M. (2018). Proposing a Socioculturally-informed Syllabus to Teach Paragraph Writing for Iranian Undergraduate EFL learners: Materials, Methods and Assessment. Journal of Modern Research in English Language Studies, 5(1), 47–72.
McLoughlin, C., & Lee, M. J. (2010). Personalised and self regulated learning in the Web 2.0 era: International exemplars of innovative pedagogy using social software. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 26(1).
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook. SAGE.
Perren, J. (2013). Strategic steps to successful service‐learning in TESOL: From critical to practical. TESOL Journal, 4(3), 487–513.
Rashidi, N., & Safari, F. (2011). A model for EFL materials development within the framework of critical pedagogy (CP). English Language Teaching, 4(2), 250.
Saye, J. W., & Brush, T. (2007). Using technology-enhanced learning environments to support problem-based historical inquiry in secondary school classrooms. Theory & Research in Social Education, 35(2), 196–230.
Titchen, A. (2015). Action research: genesis, evolution and orientations. International Practice Development Journal, 5(1).
Tomlinson, B. (2012). Materials development for language learning and teaching. Language Teaching, 45(2), 143–179.
Tran, T. Q., & Duong, T. M. (2018). The effectiveness of the intercultural language communicative teaching model for EFL learners. Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40862-018-0048-0.
Whitehead, J. (2019). The underlying importance of context and voice in action research. In The Wiley handbook of action research in education (pp. 207–228).
Wyatt, M., & Dikilitaş, K. (2016). English language teachers becoming more efficacious through research engagement at their Turkish university. Educational Action Research, 24(4), 550–570.
Zhou, Y., & Wei, M. (2018). Strategies in technology-enhanced language learning. Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, 8(2 Special Issue), 471–495. https://doi.org/10.14746/ssllt.2018.8.2.13.
Ampartzaki, M., Kypriotaki, M., Voreadou, C., Dardioti, A., & Stathi, I. (2013). Communities of practice and participatory action research: the formation of a synergy for the development of museum programmes for early childhood. Educational Action Research, 21(1), 4–27.
Angelaina, S., & Jimoyiannis, A. (2012). Analysing students’ engagement and learning presence in an educational blog community. Educational Media International, 49(3), 183–200. https://doi.org/10.1080/09523987.2012.738012.
Beetham, H., & Sharpe, R. (Eds.). (2013). Rethinking pedagogy or a digital age: Designing for 21st century learning. Routledge.
Bosompem, E. G. (2014). Materials adaptation in Ghana: Teachers’ attitudes and practices. In International perspectives on materials in ELT (pp. 104–120). Palgrave Macmillan.
Bower, M., Hedberg, J. G., & Kuswara, A. (2010). A framework for Web 2.0 learning design. Educational Media International, 47(3), 177–198.
Burns, A. (2009). Action research. In Qualitative research in applied linguistics (pp. 112–134). Palgrave Macmillan.
Burns, A. (2014). Professional learning in Australian ELICOS: An action research orientation. English Australia Journal, 29(2), 3–20.
Burns, A. (2017). Innovating teacher development: Transformative teacher education through classroom inquiry. Innovative Practices in Language Teacher Education, 187–203.
Burns, Anne. (1999). Collaborative action research for English language teachers. Cambridge University Press.
Chawes Enciso, N. C. (2018). Workshops centered on authentic videos to enhance speaking. Universidad Externado de Colombia.
Coccetta, F. (2018). Developing university students’ multimodal communicative competence: Field research into multimodal text studies in English. System, 77, 19–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2018.01.004.
Creswell, J. W. (2013). Qualitative Inquiry & Research Design: Choosing Among the Five Approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc.
Creswell, J. W. (2015). Revisiting mixed methods and advancing scientific practices. In The Oxford handbook of multimethod and mixed methods research inquiry.
Dunn, T. J., & Kennedy, M. (2019). Technology Enhanced Learning in higher education; motivations, engagement and academic achievement. Computers and Education, 137(April), 104–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2019.04.004.
Eden, C., & Ackermann, F. (2018). Theory into practice, practice to theory: Action research in method development. European Journal of Operational Research, 271(3), 1145–1155.
Edwards, E., & Burns, A. (2016). Action research to support teachers’ classroom materials development. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 10(2), 106–120. https://doi.org/10.1080/17501229.2015.1090995.
Garton, S., & Graves, K. (2014). Materials in ELT: Current issues. In International perspectives on materials in ELT (pp. 1–15). Palgrave Macmillan.
Graves, K., & Garton, S. (2015). Addressing Mismatches Between Classroom and Context and Coursebooks. The 49th Annual IATEFL Conference.
Hulme Kukulska, A., Norris, L., & Donohue, J. (2015). Mobile pedagogy for a guide for teachers. In ELT Research Papers (Vol. 14, Issue 7). file:///Volumes/JHSL/THESIS BIBLIOGRAPHY/__ userdata_documentsA mobile3_lemn3_Desktop_E485 Mobile pedagogy for ELT_FINAL_v2.pdf.
Jimoyiannis, A., Tsiotakis, P., & Roussinos, D. (2011). Pedagogical and instructional design issues towards the integration of Web 2.0 tools in instruction-Implications of teachers’ training pilot courses in Greece. 7th International Conference on Next Generation Web Services Practices, 530–535.
Jolly, D., & Bolitho, R. (2011). A framework for materials writing. In Materials development in language teaching (pp. 107–134).
Kemmis, S., McTaggart, R., & Nixon, R. (2014). Introducing critical participatory action research. In The action research planner (pp. 1–31). Springer.
Kemmis, S. (2015). Critical Theory and Participatory Action Research. In The SAGE Handbook of Action Research (pp. 121–138). https://doi.org/10.4135/9781848607934.n14.
Kirkwood, A., & Price, L. (2014). Technology-enhanced learning and teaching in higher education: What is ‘enhanced’ and how do we know? A critical literature review. Learning, Media and Technology, 39(1), 6–36.
Kuo, N. C. (2015). Action research for improving the effectiveness of technology integration in preservice teacher education. Inquiry in Education, 6(1), 3.
Lee, J., & Choi, H. (2017). What affects learner’s higher-order thinking in technology-enhanced learning environments? The effects of learner factors. Computers and Education, 115, 143–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2017.06.015.
Majthoob, S. A. (2014). Adapting materials to meet the literacy needs of young Bahraini learners. In International perspectives on materials in ELT (pp. 53–68). Palgrave Macmillan.
Mallahi, O., & Saadat, M. (2018). Proposing a Socioculturally-informed Syllabus to Teach Paragraph Writing for Iranian Undergraduate EFL learners: Materials, Methods and Assessment. Journal of Modern Research in English Language Studies, 5(1), 47–72.
McLoughlin, C., & Lee, M. J. (2010). Personalised and self regulated learning in the Web 2.0 era: International exemplars of innovative pedagogy using social software. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 26(1).
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook. SAGE.
Perren, J. (2013). Strategic steps to successful service‐learning in TESOL: From critical to practical. TESOL Journal, 4(3), 487–513.
Rashidi, N., & Safari, F. (2011). A model for EFL materials development within the framework of critical pedagogy (CP). English Language Teaching, 4(2), 250.
Saye, J. W., & Brush, T. (2007). Using technology-enhanced learning environments to support problem-based historical inquiry in secondary school classrooms. Theory & Research in Social Education, 35(2), 196–230.
Titchen, A. (2015). Action research: genesis, evolution and orientations. International Practice Development Journal, 5(1).
Tomlinson, B. (2012). Materials development for language learning and teaching. Language Teaching, 45(2), 143–179.
Tran, T. Q., & Duong, T. M. (2018). The effectiveness of the intercultural language communicative teaching model for EFL learners. Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40862-018-0048-0.
Whitehead, J. (2019). The underlying importance of context and voice in action research. In The Wiley handbook of action research in education (pp. 207–228).
Wyatt, M., & Dikilitaş, K. (2016). English language teachers becoming more efficacious through research engagement at their Turkish university. Educational Action Research, 24(4), 550–570.
Zhou, Y., & Wei, M. (2018). Strategies in technology-enhanced language learning. Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, 8(2 Special Issue), 471–495. https://doi.org/10.14746 /ssllt.2018.8.2.13.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v10i6.4679
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