Effectiveness of Social Support and Self-Efficacy on the Level of Physical Activities of the Elderly
Abstract
The elderly group needs special attention because they experience changes in terms of function, role, and adaptation to the environment. This study focused on exploring the most dominant factors that affect the physical activity level of the elderly in a nursing home. This study used several theories, namely, the trans theoretical model of health behavior change, social support, and self-efficacy. This study used a mixed-method on 43 participants determined using judgment sampling. Quantitative instruments used were the Patient-Centered Assessment and Counseling for Exercises scale, Social Support Scale, and Self-Efficacy scale. Qualitative instruments used were in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Quantitative data underwent descriptive analysis and regression using SPSS version 13.0. Meanwhile, qualitative data were processed using InVivo version 2.0. The quantitative data analysis shows that social support had a significant influence on the physical activity level of the elderly, whereas self-efficacy had no significant influence on the physical activity level of the elderly. Nevertheless, based on the qualitative data analysis, self-efficacy had a significant influence on the physical activity level of the elderly. Hence, it can be concluded that the physical activity level of the elderly can be maintained with social support in a nursing home environment. Thus, to maintain the physical activity level of the elderly, a self-monitoring program should be created.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v9i11.4131
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