Analysis of Implementation 2018 Un-Led Stockholm Agreement in Yemen

Abstract

The prolonged war in Yemen has succeeded in putting Yemen on the list of countries with the worst humanitarian situation in the world. Various efforts to resolve the conflict have been carried out and continue to be deadlocked. Until the end of 2018, peace talks led directly by the United Nations succeeded in encouraging two key players in the conflict, namely the Yemeni government and the Houthis, to agree on an agreement known as the Stockholm Agreement. This agreement received positive attention because it was considered a breakthrough in building the parties' trust, which would subsequently become the foundation of the peace process in Yemen. However, it is unfortunate that the implementation process of the agreement was very slow and was even declared a failure at several points of commitment. The monitoring team continued to report violations, humanitarian aid was blocked, and the humanitarian situation was deemed not to be improving. This research then aims to explore the factors that hinder and cause the failure to implement the Stockholm agreement. Using the Spoiler approach, this research will examine the parties' behavior who intentionally damaged or thwarted the Stockholm agreement. The ultimate goal of this research will also show that political ambition is rooted in a strong religious belief that only those groups who deserve to be the successors of the government are behind the behaviour of destroying peace agreements.