Describing the Life of the Fourteen Infallibles (AS) According to the Oaths of Surah AL-Fajr and A Critical View Towards the Opinions of the Commentators

Abstract

Surah Al-Fajr was revealed in Mecca and like many other Meccan Surahs, its verses are short, surprising and full of content. One of its richest verses is the initial oaths which Shiite and Sunni commentators are in disagreement about its interpretation. Thus, it is necessary to investigate them from different perspectives. The present article examines the views of Shiite and Sunni commentators on the initial oaths of Surah Al-Fajr through a descriptive-analytical-critical method. Accordingly, Shiite and Sunni commentators disagree about the first ten days of Dhu al-Hijjah and do not see any alignment with the oath; (اِنَّ رَبَّکَ لَبِالمِرصَادِ) and also (هَل فِی ذَلکَ قَسَمٌ لِذِی حِجرٍ). Therefore, with a new insight towards the oaths, we will describe the life of the infallibles. According to a hadith from Imam Sadegh (as), (وَ الْفَجْرِ) means Imam Zaman (as); (لَيالٍ عَشْرٍ) is Imam Hassan Askari (as) and his children up to Imam Hassan Mojtaba (as); and (وَ الشَّفْعِ) is Imam Ali (as) and Fatima (as); and (وَ الْوَتْرِ ) refers to Prophet Mohammad (pbuh). The results of this study show that the oaths of Surah Al-Fajr point to the life of the infallibles. If Quranic commentators pay attention to interpretive narrations, they will also discover this fact.