The Effect of E-WOM, Health Awareness, and Perceived Risks on Visiting Decisions in the Era of the Covid-19 Pandemic

Muhammad Zainuddin, Sulhaini Sulhaini, Akhmad Saufi

Abstract


The decision to visit is a purchase decision, many factors influence the decision to visit. This study aims to determine the effect of Electronic Word of Mouth (e-WOM), Health Awareness, and Perceived Risk on the decision to visit the natural tourist area of Mount Rinjani National Park during the Covid-19 pandemic. The sample in this study was 100 (one hundred) respondents obtained by adapting the Snowball Sampling technique with the target respondents being visitors to the Mount Rinjani National Park. The results of this study indicate that Electronic Word of Mouth (e-WOM), Health Awareness, and Perceived Risk have a positive effect on the decision to visit the natural tourist area of Mount Rinjani National Park during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, each variable has a different effect. Electronic Word of Mouth (e-WOM) and Health Awareness variables have a positive effect on visiting decisions, while Perceived Risk has no effect on visiting decisions.


Keywords


Decision to Visit; E-WOM; Health Awareness; Perceived Risk; Pandemic Covid-19

Full Text:

PDF

References


Athar HS, Basuki P, Santoso B. (2020). The Analysis of Customer Satisfaction Post Covid-19. In2nd Annual Conference on Education and Social Science (ACCESS 2020) (pp. 497-501). Atlantis Press.

Atkinson, R.C. (2005). Pengantar Psikologi (terjemahan Taufiq dan Barhana). Jakarta : Erlangga.

Azman, Heru Aulia. (2021). Persepsi Wisatawan Terhadap Niat Berkunjung Ulang Ke Destinasi Wisata Di Kota Padang Pasca Penerapan New Normal. Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Dharma Andalas. https://doi.org/10.47233/jebd.v23i1.210

Bauer, R.A. (1967). Consumer Behavior as Risk Taking. In: Cox, D.F., Ed., Risk Taking & Information Handling in Consumer Behavior. Graduate School of Business Administration,: Harvard University, Boston, 23-33

Cheng Y., Fang S., Yin J., The effects of community safety support on COVID-19 eventstrength perception, risk perception, and health tourismintention: The moderating role of risk communication. Management, College of Tourism, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou, China https://doi.org/10.1002/mde.3397.

Fialova, V., & Vasenska, I. (2020). Implications of the COVID-19 Crisis for the Sharing Economy in Tourism: The Case of Airbnb in the Czech Republic. Ekonomickomanazerske spektrum, 14(2), 78-89.

Fandeli, C., 2001. Pengertian dan Kerangka Daras Pariwisata:Dasar-Dasar Manajemen Kepariwisataan Alam. Editor Liberty. Yogyakarta. 35 hal.

Ghozali, Imam. (2018). Aplikasi Multivariate dengan Program IBM SPSS 19 Edisi 5. Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.

Goyette, Isabelle. (2010). e-WOM Scale: Word-of-Mouth Measurement Scale for e-Services Context. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences / Revue Canadienne des Sciences de l Administration 27(1):5 – 23 DOI:10.1002/cjas.129

Haider, Ulrike Pröbstl dan Kora Dabrowska. (2016). Risk Perception and Preferences of Mountain Tourists in Light Of Glacial Retreat and Permafrost Degradation in the Austrian Alps. DOI:10.1016/j.jort.2016.02.0

Hair, Joseph Jr et al. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis (7th ed). United States : Pearson Education

Hapsari, N. retno, Lubis, N., & Widiartanto. (2014). Pengaruh Pengaruh Atribut Produk Wisata Dan Electronic Word Of Mouth (Ewom) Terhadap Keputusan Berkunjung Pada Obyek Wisata Umbul Sidomukti Kabupaten Semarang. Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Bisnis, 3(4), 249–259. http://jateng.tribunnews.com

Harmony, I., Hayu, A., & Indriani, F. (2020). Pengaruh Electronic Word of Mouth ( e-WOM) terhadap Keputusan Berwisata di Kota Bandung. February, 0–7.

Hasan, SE., MM., Ali.2010. Marketing dari mulut ke mulut (word of mouth marketing). Yogyakarta : Medpress.

Hasan A., Setyaningtiyas N.,W. (2015), Pengaruh Electronic Word of Mouth pada Media Sosial Facebook terhadap Keputusan Berkunjung ke Desa Wisata Ngelanggeran Gunung Kidul, Jurnal Media Wisata, Volume 13, Nomor I, Mei 2015.

Maulidi W. S., & Pangestuti E.. (2019. Pengaruh Electronic Word Of Mouth (Ewom) Di Instagram Terhadap Minat Berkunjung Dan Dampaknya Terhadap Keputusan Berkunjung (Survei Pada Wisata Muara Bengawan Solo, Gresik), Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis 71 (1), 40-50.

Ngajow, Meiviani T. et al. (2021). Pengaruh Daya Tarik Wisata dan Citra Objek Wisata Terhadap Minat Berkunjung Pada Objek Wisata Bukit Kasih Kanonang, dengan Pandemi Covid 19 Sebagai Variabel Moderator. Jurnal Emba: Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, Bisnis, dan Akuntansi

Kotler, Philip. (2005). Manajemen Pemasaran, Jilid 1. Jakarta: PT. Indeks

Kotler, Philip dan Kevin Lane Keller. (2009). Manajemen Pemasaran Jilid 1 Edisi ke 12. Alih Bahasa Benyamin Molan. Jakarta: PT. Macaman Jaya Cemerlang

Kotler, Philip and Kevin Lane Keller. (2011). Manajemen Pemasaran Edisi 13 Jilid 1 dan 2, Alih Bahasa : Bob Sabran, Jakarta: Penerbit Erlangga.

Kumalasari, R., Gutama, W., & Pratiwi, D. (2018). Analisis Pengaruh Electronic Word of Mouth (eWOM) Terhadap Keputusan Berkunjung ke Agrowisata Café Sawah Pujon Kidul. Habitat, 29(2), 65–75. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.habitat.2018.029.2.8

Kutresnaningdian, Firda dan Albari Albar. (2012). Peran Kesadaran Kesehatan Dan Perhatian Pada Keamanan Makanan Terhadap Sikap dan Minat Konsumen Dalam Membeli Makanan Organik. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen: Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang

Leo Dwi Jatmoko .(2020). APJII : 196,7 Juta Warga Indonesia Sudah Melek Internet diunduh pada tanggal 01 April 2021 dari https://teknologi.bisnis.com/read/20201110/101/1315765/apjii-1967-juta-warga-indonesia-sudah-melek-internet.

Maciejewski, Grzegorz. (2016). Perceived Risk In Purchasing Decisions Of The Polish Consumers – Model-Based Approach. University of Economics in Katowice

Mason, Michela C., Gos Luca, & Andrea Moretti. (2018). Motivations, Perceived Risk And Behavioural Intentions In Hard Adventure Tourism: A Natural Park Case Study. Sinergie Italian Journal of Management, 100, 181–199

Michaelidou, N., & Hassan, L. M. (2008). The Role Of Health Consciousness, Food Safety Concern And Ethical Identity On Attitudes And Intentions Towards Organic Food. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 32(2), 163–170. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1470-6431.2007.00619.x

Mulyati, Y., Haryeni, & Masruri. (2018). Pengaruh Electronic Word Of Mouth Terhadap Citra Destinasi Serta Dampaknya Pada Minat Dan Keputusan Berkunjung Wisatawan Domestik Pada Destinasi Wisata Kota Bukit Tinggi. Jurnal Ekonomi & Bisnis Dharma Andalas, 20(1), 168–187.

Mustikasari, Ati dan Sri Widaningsih. (2016). Pengaruh E-Wom Terhadap Keputusan Berkunjung ke Tempat Wisata di Kota Bandung. Jurnal Manajemen Indonesia: DOI: https://doi.org/10.25124/jmi.v16i2.315

Nordin, Mohammad Ridwan dan S.A. Jamal. (2021). Hiking Tourism In Malaysia: Origins, Benefits And Post Covid-19 Transformations. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478)

Richards, Greg dan Wendy Morill. (2021). The Challenge Of Covid-19 For Youth Travel. Tilburg University

Rodríguez-Antón, José Miguel and María del Mar Alonso-Almeida. (2020). COVID-19 Impacts and Recovery Strategies: The Case of the Hospitality Industry in Spain. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8599; doi:10.3390/su12208599

Sánchez Cañizares, S. M., & Fuentes García, F. J. (2010). Gender Differences in Entrepreneurial Attitudes. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion. An International Journal, 29(8), 766–786. https://doi.org/10.1108/02610151 011089519

Schiffman, L.G., & Kanuk, L.L. (2010). Consumer Behaviour (10th ed). New Jersey, Pearson Prentice Hall.

Schiffman dan Kanuk. 2008. Perilaku Konsumen. Edisi 7. Jakarta: Indeks

Sindunata, I. et al. (2018). Pengaruh Aksesibilitas , Experiential Marketing Dan Electronic Word Of Mouth ( Ewom ) Terhadap Keputusan Berkunjung Kembali Melalui Customer Satisfaction. Proceedings of 2013 International Conference on Technology Innovation and Industrial Management, 60(2), 1–21.

Škare, M., Soriano, D. R., & Porada-Rochoń, M. (2021). Impact Of COVID-19 On The Travel And Tourism Industry. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 163(November 2020).

Solichin, A. , Resky Amalia, D.A., Katniaty, L. , Wisudawati, T., Sulistyowati, E. and Saputro, W.A. 2021. Pengaruh E-Wom Dan Risk Perception Terhadap Keputusan Berkunjung Wisatawan: (Survei pada Pengunjung Gunung Api Purba Nglanggeran). Journal of Economic and Management (JECMA). 1, 02 (Feb. 2021). DOI:https://doi.org/10.46772/jecma.v1i02.355.

Sraphin H. (2021). Mountain tourism and second home tourism as post COVID-19 lockdown placebo? University of Winchester, Winchester, UK, and Frederic Dosquet ESC Pau Group, Pau, France. https://www.emerald.com/insight/1755-4217.htm

Thorsten Hennig-Thurau, Thorsten,, Kevin P. Gwinner, Gianfranco Walsh, Dwayne D. Gremler. (2004). Electronic Word-Of-Mouth Via Consumer-Opinion Platforms: What Motivates Consumers To Articulate Themselves On The Internet?. Journal of Interactive Marketing,Volume 18, Issue 1, 2004, Pages 38-52, ISSN 1094-9968, https://doi.org/10.1002/dir.10073.

UNWTO. (2020). World Tourism Organization, Compendium of Tourism Statistics Dataset [Electronic]. UNWTO, Madrid, data updated on 20/01/2020.

Utama, Fredy. (2020). Persepsi Risiko Covid-19 terhadap Intensi Berwisata di Jabodetabek. Jurnal Bisnis dan Manajemen: Faculty of Social and Political Science University of Merdeka Malang

Utami, C. W. (2017). Manajemen Ritel (strategi dan implementasi Ritel Modern). Jakarta: Salemba Empat.

Widianto A., Sunarti, Pangestuti E. (2017). Pengaruh E-Wom Di Instagram Terhadap Minat Berkunjung Dan Dampaknya Pada Keputusan Berkunjung (Survei pada Pengunjung Hawai Waterpark Malang). Jurnal Administasi Bisini 45(1), 94-101.

Yang, E. C. L., & Nair, V. (2014). Tourism at Risk: A Review of Risk and Perceived Risk in Tourism. Asia-Pacific Journal of Innovation in Hospitality and Tourism (APJIHT), 3(2), 239–259. https://doi.org/10.7603/s40930-014-0013-z

Yusnidar, Samsir Samsir, dan Sri Restuti. (2014). Pengaruh Kepercayaan dan Persepsi Resiko Terhadap Minat Beli Dan Keputusan Pembelian Produk Fashion Secara Online Di Kota Pekanbaru. Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pembangunan.

Zaenab, Atikah, Sulhaini, dan Handry Sudiartha Athar. (2019). The Effect of Electronic Word of Mouth in Social Media and Experiential Value on Destination Image Dan Revisit Intention after Earthquake in Lombok. Global Journal of Management and Business Research: E Marketing Volume 19 Issue 8 Version 1.0 Year 2019




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v9i2.3403

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2022 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding (IJMMU) ISSN 2364-5369
https://ijmmu.com
editor@ijmmu.com
dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu
facebook.com/ijmmu
Copyright © 2014-2018 IJMMU. All rights reserved.