The Dimension of the Higher Order Thinking Cognitive Process in Indonesian Language Teaching Textbook for Senior High School Students

Tiya Agustina, Sarwiji Suwandi, Suyitno Suyitno

Abstract


An increasing advanced civilization requires educational institutions to be more adaptive. This challenge is realized by revising the 2013 curriculum, which integrates higher-order thinking skills. This study aims to describe the cognitive dimensions of higher-order thinking in textbooks on the aspects of analyzing (C4), evaluating (C5), and creating (C6). This study used descriptive qualitative method. The data source used in this study is the Indonesian language textbook for Class XI SMA published by Erlangga. Data collection techniques in this study are content analysis, reading and note-taking techniques. The data validity technique in this study used theoretical triangulation and expert judgement. The data analysis technique used an interactive data analysis model. The results of this study showed that in the Indonesian language textbook XI grade published by Erlangga, there were 170 questions that lead to the cognitive dimension of high-level thinking dominated by analyzing skills of 63 with a percentage of 37.06%, 55 questions evaluating with a percentage of 32.36%, and 52 questions of creating skill with a percentage of 30.59%. In general, the form of questions in the book is dominated by description questions and a few multiple choices. Even though it is presented with multiple choice questions, it does not eliminate the cognitive element of high-level thinking skills. Type of multiple choice questions can be used to assess low to high levels of cognition.

 


Keywords


Cognitive Dimension; Higher Order Thinking; Textbook

Full Text:

PDF

References


Anderson, Lorin W. & Krathwohl, D. R. (2001). A Taxonomy for Learning, Teaching, and Assessing: A Revision of Bloom’s Taxonomy of Educational Objectives. New York: Addison Wesley Longman.

Badgett, John L. & Christmann, E. P. (2009). Designing Elementary Instruction and Assessment: Using the Cognitive Domain. Thousand Oaks, California: A Sage Company.

Billings, D. & K. K. (2005). Teaching for Higher Order Learning. The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, 36(6), 244–245.

Chung, B. M. (1994). The Taxonomy in the Republic of Korea. In Bloom’s Taxonomy: A Forty-year Retrospective, Ninety-third Yearbook of the National Society for the Study of Education. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Conklin, J. (2005). Book Reviews A Taxonomy for Learning, Teaching, and Assessing: A Revision of Bloom’s Taxonomy of Educational Objectives. Educational Horizons, 83(3), 154–159.

Cropley, A. (2019). Introduction to Qualitative Research Methods. Riga, Latvia: Zinātne.

Fakhira, Jihan & Iskandar, I. (2020). The Incorporation of High Order Thinking Skills in Exercises of the Eleventh Graders English Textbook. STAIRS: English Language Education Journal, 1(2), 88–96.

Febriyani, Rezita Ayu, Wisma Yunita, I. D. (2020). An Analysis on Higher Order Thinking Skill (HOTS) in Compulsory English Textbook for the Twelfth Grade of Undonesian Senior High Schools. Journal of English Education and Teaching (JEET), 4(2), 170–183. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33369/jeet.4.2.170-183

Fitzpatrick, B., Hawboldt J., Doyle D., & G. T. (2015). Aligment of Learning Objectives and Assessments in Therapeutics Courses to Foster Higher-Order Thinking. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 20, 1–6.

Hanna, W. (2010). The New Bloom’s Taxonomy: Implications for Music Education. Arts Education Policy Review, 108(4), 7–16.

Hidayat, A. R. (2019). The Analysis of Higher Order Thinking Skill Implementation in English Reading Textbook for The Fifth Graders of Malaysian Primary School. Journal of Research on Applied Linguistics Language and Language Teaching, 2(1), 1–7.

Ilham, Nurul Wahyuni., Jabu, Baso., & Korompot, C. A. (2020). Analysis of Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) Items in Senior High School English National Examination 2019. ELT Worldwide, 7(2), 157–162.

Imamah, Nur Aini Azmi, Gede Artawan, N. M. R. (2019). Analisis Kualitas Buku Teks Cerdas Berbahasa Indonesia untuk SMA/MA Kelas XI Terbitan Erlangga. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Dan Sastra Indonesia UNDIKSHA, 9(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/jjpbs.v9i1.20256

Kidwel, Linda A, Fisher, Dann G, Braun, Robert L & Swanson, D. L. (2013). Developing Learning Objectives for Accounting Ethics Using Bloom’s Taxonomy, Accounting Education. An International Journal, 22(1), 44–65.

Kosasih, E. (2016). Cerdas Berbahasa Indonesia untuk SMA/MA Kelas XI. Jakarta: Erlangga.

Lazear, D. (2004). Higher-Order Thinking: The Multiple Intelligences Way. Chicago: Zephyr Press.

Lewy, A., Bathory, Z. (1994). The Taxonomy of Educational Objectives ind Continental Europe, the Mediterranean, and the Middle East. In Bloom’s Taxonomy: A Forty-year Retrospective, Ninety-third Yearbook of the National Society for the Study of Education. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Malim, T. (1994). Cognitive Processes. London: The Macmillan Press.

Marzano, Robert J. & Kendall, J. S. (2007). The New Taxonomy of Educational Objectives. Thousand Oaks: Corwin Press.

Mayer, R. E. (2002). Rote Versus Meaningful Learning. Theory Into Practice, 41(4), 226–232.

Munzenmaier, C., & Rubin, N. (2013). Perspectives Bloom’s Taxonomy: What’s Old is New Again. California, Santa Rosa: The eLearning Gulid.

Nasional, M. P. Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan Nasional Republik Indonesia Nomor 2 Tahun 2008 Tentang Buku (2008). Retrieved from https://jdih.kemdikbud.go.id/arsip/Nomor 2 Tahun 2008.pdf

Nicol, C. C., & Crespo, S. M. (2005). Learning to Teach with Mathematics Textbooks: How Preservice Teachers Interpreted and Use Curriculum Materials. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 30, 1–25.

Nugroho, R. A. (2018). HOTS: Kemampuan Berpikir Tingkat Tinggi Konsep, Pembelajaran, Penilaian, dan Soal-soal. Jakarta: PT Gramedia.

Özer, E., & Sezer, R. (2014). A Comparative Analysis of Questions in American, Singaporean, and Turkish Mathematics Textbooks Based on The Topics Covered in 8th Grade in Turkey. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 14(1), 411–421.

Postlethwaite, T. N. (1994). Validity vs Utility: Personal Experiences with the Taxonomy. In Bloom’s Taxonomy: A Forty-year Retrospective, Ninety-third Yearbook of the National Society for the Study of Education. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Pratama, G. S. (2019). Analisis Muatan Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) pada Buku Teks Matematika SMP (Komparasi Buku Indonesia dan Malaysia). Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta.

Prior, L. (2003). Using Documents in Social Research. London: Sage Publications.

Slavin, R. E. (2006). Educational of Psychology: Theory and Practice. London: Pearson Education, Inc.

Stobaugh, R. (2013). Assesing Critical Thinking in Middle and High Schools Meeting The Common Core. New York: Routledge.

Susanti, E., Kusumah, Y. S., & Sabandar, J. (2014). Computer-Assisted Realistic Mathematics Education for Enhancing Students’ Higher-Order Thinking Skills (Experimental Study in Junior High School in Palembang, Indonesia). Journal of Education and Practice, 5(18), 51–59.

Syahida, Ani & Irwandi, D. (2015). Analisis Keterampilan Berpikir Tingkat Tinggi pada Soal Ujian Nasional Kimia. EDUSAINS, 7(1), 77–87.

Tan, S. Y., & Halili, S. H. (2015). Effective Teaching of Higher-Order Thinking (HOT) in Education. The Online Journal of Distance Education and eLearning, 3(2), 41–47.

Valverde, G. A., Bianchi, L. J., Wolfe, R. G., Schmidt, W. H., & Houang, R. T. (2002). According to the Book: Using TIMSS to Investigate the Translation of Policy into Practice Through the World of Textbooks. Springer Science & Business Media.

Wang, S. & Wang, H. (2014). Teaching and Learning Higher Order Thinking. International Journal of Arts & Sciences, 7(2), 179–187.

Wendt, A. & Kenny, L. E. (2009). Alternate Item Types: Continuing the Quest for Authentic Testing. Journal of Nursing Education. Journal of Nursing Education, 48(3), 150–156.

Yang, D. C., & Sianturi, I. A. (2017). An Analysis of Singaporean versus Indonesian Textbooks Based on Trigonometry Content. Eurasia: Journal of Mathematics Science and Technology Education, 13(7), 3829–3848.

Yen, T. S. & Halili, S. H. (2015). Effective Teaching of Higher-Order Thinking (HOT) in Education. The Online Journal of Distance Education and E-Learning, 3(2), 41–47.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v8i12.3161

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2021 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding (IJMMU) ISSN 2364-5369
https://ijmmu.com
editor@ijmmu.com
dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu
facebook.com/ijmmu
Copyright © 2014-2018 IJMMU. All rights reserved.