Symbolic Convergence and Community Based Tourism

Bernadette Dian Nugraheni, Ismi Dwi Astuti Nurhaeni, Andre Noevi Rahmanto

Abstract


Based on Statistics Indonesia (BPS) data in 2018, Indonesian tourism villages have reached 1,734. It indicates that rural communities are significantly involved in the development, especially in the tourism sector. Tourism development based on the community is known as community-based tourism (CBT). During this tourism 4.0 era, CBT is required to use Information, Communication, and Technology (ICT). Previous research suggests that e-CBT is the precise form of involving CBT in the digitalization of the promotion, marketing, information exchange, and management aspects. There is a fantasy illustrating that e-CBT is a form of sustainability in confronting tourism 4.0. The focus of this research is CBT in rural areas or village communities that synergize tourism village management using ICT. The research method used is qualitative with a single case study approach. The theory used is the symbolic convergence theory to explain the dramatizing messages that occur in e-CBT. The results show that e-CBT used imaginative language in the form of wordplays so as to bring awareness to maintain local wisdom. Moreover, it was found that the role of social media started to be considered by the village community besides as a means of information exchange.


Keywords


Rural Community; Tourism 4.0; Symbolic Convergence Theory

Full Text:

PDF

References


Alaloul, W. S., Liew, M. S., Amila, N., Abdullah, W., & Kennedy, I. B. (2019). Industrial revolution 4 . 0 in the construction industry : Challenges and opportunities for stakeholders. Ain Shams Engineering Journal, xxxx. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2019.08.010

Barbieri, C. (2020). Agritourism research: A perspective article. Tourism Review, 75(1). https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-05-2019-0152

Bormann, E. G. (1985). A Communication Formulation Based on Homo Narrans. The Journal of Communication, 35, 128–138.

Bormann, E. G., Cragan, J. F., & Shields, D. C. (2001). Three Decades of Developing, Grounding, and Using Symbolic Convergence Theory (SCT). Annals of the International Communication Association, 25(1), 271–313. https://doi.org/10.1080/23808985.2001.11679006

Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (4th ed.). Sage Publications.

Dangi, T. B., & Jamal, T. (2016). An integrated approach to “sustainable community-based tourism.” Sustainability, 8(475). https://doi.org/10.3390/su8050475

Demartoto, A. (2013). Pembangunan Pariwisata Berbasis Masyarakat. UNS Press.

Giampiccoli, A., & Saayman, M. (2018). Community-based tourism development model and community participation. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 7(4), 1–27.

Griffin, E. (2012). A First Look at Communication Theory (8th ed.). McGraw-Hill.

Hung, T., & Jan, F. (2019). Can community-based tourism contribute to sustainable development ? Evidence from residents ’ perceptions of the sustainability. Tourism Management, 70, 368–380. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2018.09.003

Kementerian Pariwisata. (2019). Siaran Pers: Industri Pariwisata Diminta Siapkan Diri Hadapi Tourism 4.0. Retrieved https://www.kemenpar.go.id/post/siaran-pers-industri-pariwisata-diminta-siapkan-diri-hadapi-tourism-40

.King, B., Fielke, S., Bayne, K., Klerkx, L., & Nettle, R. (2019). Navigating shades of social capital and trust to leverage opportunities for rural innovation. Journal of Rural Studies. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2019.02.003

Littlejohn, S. W., Foss, K. A., & Oetzoel, J. G. (2017). Theories of Human Communication (11th ed.). Waveland Press, Inc.

Nguyen, P. T., Wells, S., & Nguyen, N. (2018). A systemic indicators framework for sustainable rural community development. Systemic Practice and Action Research, 32(3), 335–352. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s11213-018-9456-9

Nugraheni, B. D., & Nurhaeni, I. D. A. (2018). Implication of E-Tourism on Culture Value of Community Based Tourism in Indonesia. Asian Association for Public Administration Annual Conference, 191(Aapa), 1–11.

Nunkoo, R., Seetanah, B., & Agrawal, S. (2019). Innovations in sustainable tourism research. Tourism Review, 74(2), 129–137. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-04-2019-209

Nurhidayati, S. E. (2015). Studi evaluasi penerapan Community Based Tourism ( CBT ) sebagai pendukung agrowisata berkelanjutan.Jurnal Masyarakat, Kebudayaan Dan Politik, 28(1), 1–10.

Ouyang, Z., Gursoy, D., & Sharma, B. (2017). Role of trust , emotions and event attachment on residents’ attitudes toward tourism. Tourism Management, 63, 426–438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2017.06.026

Reily, M. (2018). Potensi Desa Wisata Naik Menjadi 1.734 Unit. Katadata.Co.Id. https://katadata.co.id/berita/2018/12/10/2018-potensi-desa-wisata-naik-menjadi-1734-unit

Santos, M. Y., e Sa, J. O., Andrade, C., Lima, F. V., Costa, E., Costa, C., Martinho, B., & Galvão, J. (2017). A big data system supporting Bosch Braga Industry 4 . 0 strategy. International Journal of Information Management, xxxx, 0–1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2017.07.012

Sharma, A., & Thapar, M. (2016). Development of tourism in the Third World nations : a comparative analysis. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Sustainable Tourism, 201. https://doi.org/10.2495/ST160131

Shields, D. C., & Preston, C. T. (1985). Fantasy theme analysis in competitive rhetorical criticism. National Forensic Journal, 3, 102–115. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265074219%0AFantasy

Sobari, C. F. (2019). Tourism 4.0 adalah Millenial Tourism. Www.Genpi.Co. https://www.genpi.co/berita/7050/tourism-40-adalah-millennial-tourism

Yin, R. K., & Campbell, D. T. (2018). Case Study Research and Applications: Design and Methods (6th ed.). Sage Publications. http://gen.lib.rus.ec/book/index.php?md5=E82418DB120C171268B08BA825136799




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v7i8.1904

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2020 International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding (IJMMU) ISSN 2364-5369
https://ijmmu.com
editor@ijmmu.com
dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu
facebook.com/ijmmu
Copyright © 2014-2018 IJMMU. All rights reserved.