Agency Valency of Voice Forms of the State Verbs (On the Material of the Uzbek Language)

Abstract

The article is devoted to the agent valence of voice forms of state verbs. It should be noted that, the expression of the relationship of movement, the state directed to the subject and object, is one of the main and important functions of the semantics of the verb. Voices totally cover the verbs. The verbs of state in the Uzbek language in their extra-linguistic substratum express certain processes connection with nature and society, flora and fauna, biology, physiology and psychology of human being. 

State verbs in the sentences are realized in the active, reflexive, compulsive, passive and mutual voices. State verbs with integral seme «duration», «result of movement», «execution», «movement», «skill», «imagery», «biological», «physiological» and «psychic» – are realized in speech mostly in the active voice. The agent of this verbs finds expression in the character of the object. The agent of some state verbs with the integral seme «result of movement», «execution», «imagery», «physiological» and «psychic» do not appear as functions of the object in sentence. Agent's non-objectivity, but only its subjectivity, follows from the transitivity of certain state verbs. The agent of some transitive state verbs with the integral seme «execution» and «psychic», even though they have own object, they are not only the producer (source) of the state, but also the object of the produced state. The possibility of combining state verbs with a direct object, that means, their transitiveness deserves special attention. State verbs with the integral seme «execution», «physiological» and «psychic» are realized in the sentence in a reflexive voice. Agent is an object in all cases. Verbs with the integral seme «duration», «result of movement», «movement», «biological», «physiological» and «psychic» are realized in speech in a compulsory voice. Agent here is not considered an object. State verbs with an integral seme «result of movement», «execution» and «movement» in a passive voice form have an agent valence. Here is shown the relationship object with state, which is the main, the most important, while agent is in secondary pose. The activity of the last one is weakening. This is the essence of the passive voice. State verbs with an integral seme «duration», «execution», «skill», «physiological» and «psychic» are realized in constructions in a mutual voice. The agent is revealed in the nature of the object.