Features of the Development of the Saudi Realistic Story in the Second Half of the Twentieth Century

Abstract

This article examines the specific features of the formation of a realistic method of narration, as well as the beginning of the development of a realistic direction in a new type of fiction in Saudi literature. By means of the analysis, the features of the poetics of the Saudi realistic short story in the second half of the twentieth century are considered. The specific features of the formation of the realistic method of narration and the time intervals of its formation depend, in many ways, on the historical conditions in which artistic creativity develops in each society. National-historical circumstances also determine the uneven development of realism in different countries. In Egypt, near the Arabian Peninsula, the realistic method of narration began to take shape at the beginning of the first half of the twentieth century, when most of the Arabian States were not even covered by the educational movement. Already in the first collection of Muhammad Teymur - one of the founders of the short story genre in Egypt "What the eyes see" (1917-1918), the main features of realism are shown, "showing life in its contrasts". The beginning of the development of a realistic direction in the new type of fiction in Saudi literature was laid at the stage of Enlightenment. The struggle with the inherited old norms of life and consciousness for the authors of educational literature resulted in a protest against the forms of new oppression associated with the preservation and maintenance of medieval traditions and ideas in modern society, and, therefore, in many works of Saudi enlighteners, despite their inherent features of sentimentalism and romanticism, the beginnings of realistic trends can be traced.