Development of Android-Based Interactive Learning Media for Teaching Makassar Traditional Drum

Abstract

The Makassar drum is one of the traditional musical instruments of South Sulawesi that has an important function in traditional ceremonies, art performances, and the socio-cultural life of the Makassar people. However, with the passage of time, students' knowledge of this traditional instrument has begun to decline. This study aims to (1) develop an Android-based Makassar Drum learning media product for high school students in Parepare City, (2) determine the feasibility of Android-based Makassar Drum learning media for high school students in Parepare City, and (3) test the effectiveness of Android-based Makassar Drum learning media for high school students in Parepare City. This study used the research and development (R&D) method with the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The research subjects were 10th grade students at SMA Negeri 2 Parepare. Data collection methods encompasses observation, interviews, document anaylist, and test. Employing tools like product evaluation sheets from material and media experts, teacher and students feedback forms. Data analysis used in this study was qualitative and quantitative. Qualitative data analysis was used to describe the data resulting from needs analysis, learning analysis, and student characteristics analysis. Quantitative data analysis was used to test the feasibility of the media and its effectiveness in its implementation in learning. Three quantitative data analysis techniques were used: 1) Descriptive statistics, 2) Paired sample t-test, and 3) N-gain test.

The results of the study show that (1) the product produced is an interactive multimedia application with the theme of Makassar Gendang, equipped with materials, video tutorials, sheet music, and virtual instruments as learning tools; (2) the media is deemed suitable for use, as evidenced by a material expert validation score of 86 (very good), a media expert score of 68 (good), a student response rate of 87 (very good), and a teacher response rate of 89 (very good); and (3) the media has been proven effective in improving learning outcomes. This was demonstrated through a paired sample t-test with a t-value of 14.218 and a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05), which means that there was a significant difference between the students' pretest and posttest results. Furthermore, the N-Gain calculation results show a pretest average score of 67.35, a posttest average of 85.58, and an N-Gain value of 0.54, which is in the moderate category. This means that this learning media has an effective improvement effect on student understanding, especially in the subject of Traditional Makassar Drum Music.