Strategy for Developing Educational Human Resources Competency in the Implementation of SPAB: A Multi-Case Study in SLBN 2 Lombok Barat and SMPN 1 Sekotong

Abstract

The implementation of the Disaster Safe Education Unit (SPAB) Program is a strategic effort to increase school resilience to various disaster risks, but it still faces several obstacles, especially in the area of educational human resources (HR) competency. This study aims to analyze the strategy for developing educational HR competencies in the implementation of SPAB at SLBN 2 West Lombok and SMPN 1 Sekotong. The study used a qualitative approach with a multi-case study type. Research informants consisted of school principals, teachers, SPAB coordinators, education staff, school supervisors, and representatives of the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) and the Education Office. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation studies, then analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldana. Data validity-checking techniques included credibility tests, transferability tests, dependability tests, and confirmability tests. The results of the study indicate that HR competency in SPAB implementation is determined not only by theoretical knowledge but also by mental readiness, practical skills, and direct experience through disaster simulations. The success of developing human resource competencies is strongly influenced by the principal's leadership commitment in supporting training, establishing a Disaster Preparedness Team, and strengthening school policies. The implementation of the three pillars of SPAB, namely safe school facilities, school disaster management, and disaster risk reduction education, has been proven to be highly dependent on the capacity of human resources in managing and implementing them. Furthermore, the sustainability of disaster competency development requires a continuous learning cycle through experience, reflection, conceptualization, and repeated practice as explained in Kolb's experiential learning model. This study concludes that strengthening human resource competencies through continuous training, regular simulations, structured reflection, support from school leadership, and strengthening SPAB institutions are key factors in increasing the effectiveness of SPAB implementation and realizing safe and resilient schools against disasters.